δωρεά

δωρεά — dōreá

δωρεά, δωρεᾶς, ἡ (δίδωμι); from (Aeschyh and) Herodotus down; a gift: Joh 4:10; Act 8:20; Act 11:17; Rom 5:15; 2Co 9:15; Heb 6:4; ἡ χάρις ἐδόθη κατά τό μέτρον τῆς δωρεᾶς τοῦ Χριστοῦ, according to the measure in which Christ gave it, Eph 4:7; with an epexegetical genitive of the thing given, viz. τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος, Act 2:38; Act 10:45; δικαιοσύνης, Rom 5:17 (L WH Tr marginal reading brackets τῆς δωρεᾶς); τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ, Eph 3:7. The accusative δωρεάν (properly, as a gift, gift-wise (cf. Winers Grammar, 230 (216); Buttmann, 153 (134))) is used adverbially; the Sept. for חִנָּם;

a. freely, for naught, gratis, gratuitously: Mat 10:8; Rom 3:24; 2Co 11:7; 2Th 3:8; Rev 21:6; Rev 22:17 (Polybius 18, 17, 7; Exo 21:11; δωρεάν ἄνευ ἀργυρίου, Isa 52:3).

b. by a usage of which as yet no example has been noted from Greek writings, without just cause, unnecessarily: Joh 15:25 (Psa 68:5; Psa 34:19; Gal 2:21 (Job 1:9 (?); Psa 34:7 (where Symm. ἀναιτίως); so the Latingratuitus: Livy 2, 42gratuitus furor, Seneca, epistles 105, 3 (book xviii., epistle 2, § 3)odium aut est ex offensa... aut gratuitum). (Synonym: see δόμα, at the end.)