The Day of Atonement

¹ Then¹ Yahweh spoke to Moses after the death of Aaron’s two sons, when they had come near ⌞before⌟² Yahweh and they died.

1. Or “And”
2. Literally “before faces of”

² And Yahweh said to Moses, “Tell¹ your brother Aaron that he should not enter at any time into the sanctuary ⌞behind⌟² the curtain ⌞in front of⌟³ the atonement cover that is on the ark, so that he might not die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.

1. Or “Speak to”
2. Literally “from the interior/inside to”
3. Literally “to the faces of”

³ “Aaron must enter the sanctuary with this: ⌞a young bull⌟¹ as a sin offering and a ram as a burnt offering.

1. Literally “a bull a son of cattle”

⁴ He must put on ⌞a holy linen tunic⌟,¹ and linen undergarments must be on his body, and he must fasten himself² with a linen sash, and he must wrap a linen turban around his head³—they are holy garments, and he shall wash his body with water, then⁴ he shall put them on.

1. Literally “a tunic of linen of holiness”
2. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Supplied from context in the English translation
4. Or “and”

⁵ And he must take from the ⌞Israelites⌟’¹ community two he-goats as a sin offering and one ram as a burnt offering.

1. Literally “sons/children of Israel”

⁶ “And Aaron shall present the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family.

⁷ And he shall take the two goats, and he shall present them ⌞before⌟¹ Yahweh at the tent of assembly’s entrance.

1. Literally “to the faces of”

⁸ Then¹ Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for Yahweh and one for Azazel.

1. Or “And”

⁹ And Aaron shall present the goat on which the lot for Yahweh fell, and he shall ⌞sacrifice⌟¹ it as a sin offering.

1. Literally “do” or “make”

¹⁰ But¹ he must present alive ⌞before⌟² Yahweh the goat on which the lot for Azazel fell to make atonement for himself, to send it away into the desert to Azazel.

1. Or “And”
2. Literally “to the faces of”

¹¹ “And Aaron shall present the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family; then¹ he shall slaughter the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself.

1. Or “and”

¹² And he shall take a¹ censer full of ⌞burning charcoal⌟² from upon the altar from ⌞before⌟³ Yahweh and ⌞two handfuls⌟⁴ of incense of powdered fragrant perfumes, and he shall bring it ⌞from behind⌟⁵ the curtain,

1. Hebrew “the”
2. Literally “burning charcoal of fire”
3. Literally “to the faces of”
4. Literally “the fullness of the hollow of his hands”
5. Literally “from the interior/inside of”

¹³ and he shall put the incense on the fire ⌞before⌟¹ Yahweh so that the cloud of incense might cover the atonement cover, which is on the ⌞covenant text⌟,² so that he might not die.

1. Literally “to the faces of”
2. Literally “testimony”

¹⁴ And he shall take ⌞some of⌟¹ the bull’s blood, and he shall spatter it² with his finger on the atonement cover’s surface on the eastern side, and ⌞before⌟³ the atonement cover he shall spatter ⌞some of⌟⁴ the blood with his finger seven times.

1. Literally “from”
2. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Literally “to the faces of”
4. Literally “from”

¹⁵ “And he shall slaughter the sin offering’s goat, which is for the people, and he shall bring its blood ⌞from behind⌟¹ the curtain, and he shall do with its blood as that which he did with² the bull’s blood, and he shall spatter it on the atonement cover and ⌞before⌟³ the atonement cover.

1. Literally “from the interior/inside of”
2. Hebrew “to”
3. Literally “to the faces of”

¹⁶ Thus¹ he shall make atonement for the sanctuary from the ⌞Israelites⌟’² impurities and from their transgressions for all their sins; and so he must do for the tent of assembly, which dwells with them in the midst of their impurities.

1. Or “And”
2. Literally “sons/children of Israel”

¹⁷ And ⌞no person⌟¹ shall be in the tent of assembly when he enters to make atonement in the sanctuary until he comes out, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family and for all of Israel’s assembly.

1. Literally “any man not”

¹⁸ “Then¹ he shall go out to the altar that is ⌞before⌟² Yahweh, and he shall make atonement for it; and he shall take ⌞some of⌟³ the bull’s blood and ⌞some of⌟⁴ the goat’s blood, and he shall put it⁵ all around on the altar’s horns.

1. Or “And”
2. Literally “to the faces of”
3. Literally “from”
4. Literally “from”
5. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁹ And he shall spatter ⌞some of⌟¹ the blood on it seven times with his finger, and he shall cleanse it and consecrate² it from the ⌞Israelites⌟’³ impurities.

1. Literally “from”
2. Literally “he shall consecrate”
3. Literally “of the sons/children of Israel”

²⁰ “And he shall finish making atonement for the sanctuary and the tent of assembly and the altar; then¹ he shall present the living goat.

1. Or “and”

²¹ And Aaron shall place his two hands on the living goat’s head, and he shall confess over it all the ⌞Israelites⌟’¹ iniquities and all their transgressions for all their sins, and he shall put them on the goat’s head, and he shall send it² away into the desert ⌞with⌟³ a man standing ready.⁴

1. Literally “of the sons/of the children of Israel”
2. The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Literally “by the hand of”
4. Or “at hand”

²² Thus¹ the goat shall bear on it to ⌞a barren region⌟² all their guilt, and he shall send the goat away into the desert.

1. Or “And”
2. Literally “a land of separation” or “a land of infertility”

²³ “And Aaron shall enter the tent of assembly, and he shall take off the linen garments that he put on at his coming to the sanctuary, and he shall leave them there.

²⁴ And he shall wash his body with water in a holy place, and he shall put on his garments and go out and ⌞sacrifice⌟¹ his burnt offering and the people’s burnt offering, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for people.

1. Literally “he shall do” or “he shall make”

²⁵ And he must turn into smoke the sin offering’s fat on the altar.

²⁶ “And the person who sends out the goat for Azazel shall wash his garments, and he shall wash his body with water, and ⌞afterward⌟¹ he shall come to the camp.

1. Literally “after thus”

²⁷ And the sin offering’s bull and the sin offering’s goat, whose blood was brought to make atonement in the sanctuary, shall be brought ⌞outside the camp⌟,¹ and they shall burn their hide and their flesh and their offal in the fire.

1. Literally “to from an outside place of the camp”

²⁸ And the person who burns them shall wash his garments, and he shall wash his body with water, and ⌞afterward⌟¹ he must come to the camp.

1. Literally “after thus”

²⁹ “And this shall be ⌞a lasting statute⌟¹ for you: in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month, you must deny yourselves and you must not do any work, whether the native or² the alien who is dwelling in your midst,

1. Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
2. Or “and”

³⁰ because on this day he shall make atonement for you to cleanse you; you must be clean from all your sins ⌞before⌟¹ Yahweh.

1. Literally “to the faces of”

³¹ It is ⌞a Sabbath of complete rest⌟¹ for you, and you shall deny yourselves—it is ⌞a lasting statute⌟.²

1. Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’ ” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
2. Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”

³² And the priest who is anointed and who is ⌞ordained⌟¹ to serve as a priest in place of his father shall make atonement; thus² he shall put on the linen garments, the holy garments,

1. Literally “filled his hand”
2. Or “and”

³³ and he shall make atonement for the sanctuary’s holy place, and he shall make atonement for the tent of assembly and the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for all of the assembly’s people.

³⁴ And this shall be ⌞a lasting statute⌟¹ for you to make atonement for the ⌞Israelites⌟² one time in a year from all their sins.”

1. Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
2. Literally “sons/children of Israel”