ξύλον

ξύλον — xýlon

ξύλον, ξύλου, τό (from ξύω to scrape, plane), from Homer down; the Sept. for עֵץ;

1. wood: universally, 1Co 3:12; ξύλον θύϊνον, Rev 18:12; that which is made of wood, as a beam from which anyone is suspended, a gibbet, a cross (A. V. tree, which see in B. D. American edition), Act 5:30; Act 10:39; Act 13:29; Gal 3:13; 1Pe 2:24 (עֵץ, Gen 40:19; Deu 21:23; Jos 10:26; Est 5:14) — a use not found in the classics (cf. Liddell and Scott, under II. 4). A log or timber with holes in which the feet, bands, neck, of prisoners were inserted and fastened with thongs (Gr. καλόν, ξυλοπεδη, ποδοκάκη, ποδοστράβη, Latinnervus, by which the Latin renders the Hebrew סַד, a fetter, or shackle for the feet, Job (Job 13:27);; cf. Fischer, De vitiis lexamples N. T., p. 458ff; (B. D., under the word )): Act 16:24 (Herodotus 6, 75; 9, 37; Aristophanes eq. 367, 394, 705); a cudgel, stick, staff: plural, Mat 26:47; Mat 26:55; Mar 14:43; Mar 14:48; Luk 22:52 (Herodotus 2, 63; 4, 180; Demosthenes, p. 645, 15; Polybius 6, 37, 3; Josephus, b. j. 2, 9, 4; Herodian, 7, 7, 4).

2. a tree: Luk 23:31 (Gen 1:29; Gen 2:9; Gen 3:1; Isa 14:8, etc.); ξυλος τῆς ζωῆς, see ζωή, 2 b., p. 274{a}.