περισσεύω

περισσεύω — perisseúō

περισσεύω; imperfect ἐπερίσσευον (Act 16:5); future infinitive περισσεύσειν (Php 4:12 Rec.bez); 1 aorist ἐπερίσσευσα; passive, present περισσεύομαι (Luk 15:17, see below); 1 future 3 person singular περισσευθήσεται; (περισσός, which see);

1. intransitive and properly, to exceed a fixed number or measure; to be over and above a certain number or measure: μύριοι εἰσιν ἀριθμόν... εἷς δέ περισσεύει, Hesiod from 14, 4 (clxix. (187), edition Göttling); hence,

a. to be over, to remain: Joh 6:12; τό περισσεῦον τῶν κλασμάτων, equivalent to τά περισσευοντα κλάσματα, Mat 14:20; Mat 15:37; περισσεύει μοι τί, Joh 6:13 (Tob 4:16); τό περισσεῦσαν τίνι, what remained over to one, Luk 9:17.

b. to exist or be at hand in abundance: τίνι, Luk 12:15; τό περισσεῦον τίνι, one's abundance, wealth ((R. V. superfluity); opposed to ὑστέρησις), Mar 12:44; opposed to ὑστέρημα, Luk 21:4 : to be great (abundant), 2Co 1:5 b; 2Co 9:12; Php 1:26; περισσεύει τί εἰς τινα, "a thing comes in abundance, or overflows, unto one; something falls to the lot of one in large measure": Rom 5:15; 2Co 1:5 a; περισσεύω εἰς τί, to redound unto, turn out abundantly for, a thing, 2Co 8:2; ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ ψεύσματι ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς τήν δόξαν αὐτοῦ, i. e. by my lie it came to pass that God's veracity became the more conspicuous, and becoming thus more thoroughly known increased his glory, Rom 3:7; to be increased, τῷ ἀριθμῷ, Act 16:5.

c. to abound, overflow, i. e. α. to be abundantly furnished with, to have in abundance, abound in (a thing): absolutely (A. V. to abound), to be in affluence, Php 4:18; opposed to ὑστερεῖσθαι; Php 4:12; in spiritual gifts, 1Co 14:12; with a genitive of the thing in which one abounds (Winers Grammar, § 30, 8b.; (cf. Buttmann, § 132, 12)): ἄρτων, Luk 15:17 R G L T Tr marginal reading β. to be pre-eminent, to excel (cf. Buttmann, § 132, 22): absolutely, 1Co 8:8; followed by ἐν with a dative of the virtues or the actions in which one excels (Buttmann, § 132, 12), 1Co 15:13; 1Co 15:58; 2Co 3:9 (here L T Tr WH omit ἐν);; Col 2:7; περισσεύητε μᾶλλον, to excel still more, to increase in excellence, 1Th 4:1; 1Th 4:10; μᾶλλον καί μᾶλλον περισσεύῃ, Php 1:9; περισσεύσῃ... πλεῖον, to excel more than (A. V. exceed; cf. Buttmann, § 132, 20 and 22), Mat 5:20, (περισσεύειν ὑπέρ τινα, 1Ma 3:30; τί ἐπερίσσευσεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος παρά τό κτῆνος; Ecc 3:19).

2. by later Greek usage transitively (cf. Winers Grammar, p. 23; § 38,1), to make to abound, i. e.

a. to furnish one richly so that he has abundance: passive, Mat 13:12; Mat 25:29; with the genitive of the thing with which one is furnished, passive, Luk 15:17 WH Tr text; τί εἰς τινα, to make a thing to abound unto one, to confer a thing abundantly upon one, 2Co 9:8; Eph 1:8.

b. to make abundant or excellent: τί, 2Co 4:15; to cause one to excel: τινα, with a dative of the thing, 1Th 3:12. (τάς ὥρας, to extend the hours beyond the prescribed time, Athen. 2, p. 42 b.) (Compare: ὑπερπερισσεύω.)