κρίσις

κρίσις — krísis

κρίσις, κρίσεως, ἡ, the Sept. for דִּין, רִיב (a suit), but chiefly for מִשְׁפָּט; in Greek writings ((from Aeschylus and Herodotus down))

1. a separating, sundering, separation; a trial, contest.

2. selection.

3. judgment; i. e. opinion or decision given concerning anything, especially concerning justice and injustice, right and wrong;

a. universally: Joh 8:16; 1Ti 5:24 (on which see ἐπακολουθέω); Jud 1:9; 2Pe 2:11; κρίσιν κρίνειν (see κρίνω, 5 b.), Joh 7:24.

b. in a forensic judgment sense, of the of God or of Jesus the Messiah: universally, Jas 2:13; 2Th 1:5; Heb 10:27; plur, Rev 16:7; Rev 19:2; of the last judgment: Heb 9:27; ἡ ἡμέρα κρίσεως (Mat 10:15; Mat 11:22; Mat 11:24; Mat 12:36; Mar 6:11 R L in brackets; 2Pe 2:9; 2Pe 3:7) or τῆς κρίσεως (1Jn 4:17), the day appointed for the judgment, see ἡμέρα, 3; εἰς κρίσιν μεγάλης ἡμέρας, Jud 1:6; ἡ ὥρα τῆς κρίσεως αὐτοῦ, i. e. τοῦ Θεοῦ, Rev 14:7; ἐν τῇ κρίσει, at the time of the judgment, when the judgment shall take place, Mat 12:41; Luk 10:14; Luk 11:31 f; κρίσιν ποιεῖν κατά πάντων, to execute judgment against (i. e. to the destruction of) all, Jud 1:15. Specifically, sentence of condemnation, damnatory judgment, condemnation and punishment: Heb 10:27; 2Pe 2:4; with the genitive of the person condemned and punished, Rev 18:10; ἡ κρίσις αὐτοῦ ἤρθη, the punishment appointed him was taken away, i. e. was ended, Act 8:33 from Isa 53:8, the Sept.; πίπτειν εἰς κρίσιν (Rst εἰς ὑπόκρισιν), to become liable to condemnation, Jas 5:12; αἰώνιος κρίσις, eternal damnation, Mar 3:29 (Rec.); ἡ κρίσις τῆς γηννης, the judgment condemning one to Gehenna, the penalty of Gehenna, i. e. to be suffered in hell, Mat 23:33. In John's usage κρίσις denotes α. that judgment which Christ occasioned, in that wicked men rejected the salvation he offered, and so of their own accord brought upon themselves misery and punishment: αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι etc. judgment takes place by the entrance of the light into the world and the batted which men have for this light, Joh 3:19; κρίσιν, to execute judgment, Joh 5:27; ἔρχεσθαι εἰς κρίσιν, to come into the state of one condemned, Joh 5:24; κρίσις τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, the condemnatory sentence passed upon this world, in that it is convicted of wickedness and its power broken, Joh 12:31; περί κρίσεως, of judgment passed (see κρίνω, 5 a. β. at the end), Joh 16:8; Joh 16:11. β. the last judgment, the damnation of the wicked: ἀνάστασις κρίσεως, followed by condemnation, (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 2 β.). γ. both the preceding notions are combined in; ἡ κρίσις πᾶσα, the whole business of judging (cf. Winer's Grammar, 548 (510)), ibid. 22. Cf. Groos, Der Begriff der κρίσις bei Johannes (in the Studien und Kritiken for 1868, pp. 244-273).

4. Like the Chaldean דִּינָא (Dan 7:10; Dan 7:26; cf. German Gericht) equivalent to the college of judges (a tribunal of seven men in the several cities of Palestine; as distinguished from the Sanhedrin, which had its seat at Jerusalem (cf. Schürer, Neutest. Zeitgesch. § 23, ii.; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, ii. 287)): Mat 5:21 f (cf. Deu 16:18; 2Ch 19:6; Josephus, Antiquities 4, 8, 14; b. j. 2, 20, 5).

5. Like the Hebrew מִשְׁפָּט (cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, iii., p. 1464b (also the Sept. in Gen 18:19; Gen 18:25; Isa 5:7; Isa 56:1; Isa 59:8; Jer 17:11; 1Ma 7:18; and other passages referred to in Gesenius, the passage cited)), right, justice: Mat 23:23; Luk 11:42; what shall have the force of right, ἀπαγγέλλειν τίνι, Mat 12:18; a just cause, Mat 12:20 (on which see ἐκβάλλω, 1 g.).