ὀργή

ὀργή — orgḗ

ὀργή, ὀργῆς, ἡ (from ὀργάω to teem, denoting an internal motion, especially that of plants and fruits swelling with juice (Curtius, § 152); cf. Latinturgerealicui forirascialicui in Plautus Cas. 2, 5, 17; Most. 3, 2, 10; cf. German arg, Aerger), in Greek writings from Hesiod down "the natural disposition, temper, character; movement or agitation of soul, impulse, desire, any violent emotion," but especially (and chiefly in Attic) anger. In Biblical Greek anger, wrath, indignation (on the distinction between it and θυμός, see θυμός, 1): Eph 4:31; Col 3:8; Jas 1:19 f; μετ' ὀργῆς, indignant (A. V. with anger), Mar 3:5; χωρίς ὀργῆς, 1Ti 2:8; anger exhibited in punishing, hence, used for the punishment itself (Demosthenes or. in middle § 43): of the punishments inflicted by magistrates, Rom 13:4; διά τήν ὀργήν, i. e. because disobedience is visited with punishment, Rom 13:5. The ὀργή attributed to God in the N. T. is that in God which stands opposed to man's disobedience, obduracy (especially in resisting the gospel) and sin, and manifests itself in punishing the same: Joh 3:36; Rom 1:18; Rom 4:15; Rom 9:22 a; Heb 3:11; Heb 4:3; Rev 14:10; Rev 16:19; Rev 19:15; absolutely, ἡ ὀργή, Rom 12:19 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 594 (553)); σκεύη ὀργῆς, vessels into which wrath will be poured (at the last day), explained by the addition κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀπώλειαν, Rom 9:22 b; ἡ μελλουσα ὀργή, which at the last day will be exhibited in penalties, Mat 3:7; Luk 3:7 (others understand in these two passages the (national) judgments immediately impending to be referred to — at least primarily); also ἡ ὀργή ἡ ἐρχομένη, 1Th 1:10; ἡμέρα ὀργῆς, the day on which the wrath of God will be made manifest in the punishment of the wicked (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 2 a.), Rom 2:5; and ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ μεγάλη τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ (Rev 6:17; see ἡμέρα, 3 at the end); ἔρχεται ἡ ὀργή τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπί τινα, the wrath of God cometh upon one in the infliction of penalty (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 40, 2 a.), Eph 5:6; Col 3:6 (T Tr WH omit; L brackets ἐπί etc.); ἔφθασε (ἔφθακεν L text WH marginal reading) ἐπ' αὐτούς ἡ ὀργή, 1Th 2:16; so ἡ ὀργή passes over into the notion of retribution and punishment, Luk 21:23; Rom. (Rom 2:8);; Rev 11:18; τέκνα ὀργῆς, men exposed to divine punishment, Eph 2:3; εἰς ὀργήν, unto wrath, i. e. to undergo punishment in misery, 1Th 5:9. ὀργή is attributed to Christ also when he comes as Messianic judge, Rev 6:16. (The Sept. for עֶבְרָה, wrath, outburst of anger, זַעַם, חֵמָה, חָרון, קֶצֶף, etc.; but chiefly for אַף.) Cf. Ferd. Weber, Vom Zorne Gottes. Erlang. 1862; Ritschl, Die christl. Lehre v. d. Rechtfertigung u. Versöhnung, ii., p. 118ff.