γῆ

γῆ — gē

γῆ, genitive γῆς, ἡ (contracted from γεα, poetic γαῖα), the Sept. very often for אֶרֶץ and אֲדָמָה, earth;

1. arable land: Mat 13:5; Mat 13:8; Mat 13:23; Mar 4:8; Mar 4:20; Mar 4:26; Mar 4:28; Mar 4:31; Luk 13:7; Luk 14:35 (34); Joh 12:24; Heb 6:7; Jas 5:7; Rev 9:4; of the earthy material out of which a thing is formed, with the implied idea of frailty and weakness: ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός, 1Co 15:47.

2. the ground, the earth as a standing-place (German Boden): Mat 10:29; Mat 15:35; Mat 23:35; Mat 27:51; Mar 8:6; Mar 9:20; Mar 14:35; Luk 22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage);; Joh 8:6; Joh 8:8 (i. e. Rec.); Act 9:4; Act 9:8.

3. the main land, opposed to sea or water: Mar 4:1; Mar 6:47; Luk 5:3; Luk 8:27; Joh 6:21; John 21:8f, 11; Rev 12:12.

4. the earth as a whole, the world (Latinterrarumorbis);

a. the earth as opposed to the heavens: Mat 5:18; Mat 5:35; Mat 6:10; Mat 16:19; Mat 18:18; Mat 24:35; Mar 13:31; Luk 2:14; Joh 12:32; Act 2:19; Act 4:24; 2Pe 3:5; 2Pe 3:7; 2Pe 3:10; 2Pe 3:13; Rev 21:1; τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς the things and beings that are on the earth, Eph 1:10; Col 1:16 (T WH omit; L Tr brackets τά); involving a suggestion of mutability, frailty, infirmity, alike in thought and in action, Mat 6:19; τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς (equivalent to τά ἐπίγεια, Php 3:19) terrestrial goods, pleasures, honors, Col 3:2 (opposed to τά ἄνω); τά μέλη ὑμῶν τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς the members of your earthly body, as it were the abode and instruments of corrupt desires, Col 3:5; ὁ ὤν ἐκ τῆς γῆς... λαλεῖ (in contrast with Christ as having come from heaven) he who is of earthly (human) origin, has an earthly nature, and speaks as his earthly origin and nature prompt, Joh 3:31.

b. the inhabited earth, the abode of men and animals: Luk 21:35; Act 1:8; Act 10:12; Act 11:6; Act 17:26; Heb 11:13; Rev 3:10; αἴρειν ζωήν τίνος or τινα ἀπό τῆς γῆς, Act 8:33; Act 22:22; κληρονομεῖν τήν γῆν (see κληρονομέω, 2), Mat 5:5 (4); πῦρ βάλλειν ἐπί (Rec. εἰς) τήν γῆν, i. e. among men, Luk 12:49, cf. Luk 12:51 and Mat 10:34; ἐπί τῆς γῆς among men, Luk 18:8; Joh 17:4.

5. a country, land enclosed within fixed boundaries, a tract of land, territory, region; simply, when it is plain from the context what land is meant, as that of the Jews: Luk 4:25; Luk 21:23; Rom 9:28; Jas 5:17; with a gentile noun added (then, as a rule, anarthrous, Winer's Grammar, 121 (114f)): γῆ Ἰσραήλ, Mat 2:20 f; Ιουδα, Mat 2:6; Γεννησαρέτ, Mat 14:34; Mar 6:53; Σοδομων καί Γομόρρων, Mat 10:15; Mat 11:24; Χαλδαίων, Act 7:4; Αἴγυπτος (see Αἴγυπτος); ἡ Ἰουδαία γῆ, Joh 3:22; with the addition of an adjective: ἀλλότρια, Act 7:6; ἐκείνῃ, Mat 9:26; Mat 9:31; with the genitive of person one's country, native land, Act 7:3.