The benefit of tribulations. Prayer with faith. God is the author of all good, but not of evil. We must be slow to anger and not hearers only, but doers of the word. Of bridling the tongue and of pure religion.

¹ James, servant of God and of our Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes of the dispersion, greetings.

² My brothers, when you have fallen into various trials, consider everything a joy,¹

1. 1:2Into divers temptations: The word temptation, in this epistle, is sometimes taken for trials by afflictions or persecutions, as in this place: at other times, it is to be understood, tempting, enticing, or drawing others into sin.(Challoner)

³ knowing that the proving of your faith exercises patience,

⁴ and patience brings a work to perfection, so that you may be perfect and whole, deficient in nothing.

⁵ But if anyone among you is in need of wisdom, let him petition God, who gives abundantly to all without reproach, and it shall be given to him.

⁶ But he should ask with faith, doubting nothing. For he who doubts is like a wave on the ocean, which is moved about by the wind and carried away;

⁷ then a man should not consider that he would receive anything from the Lord.

⁸ For a man who is of two minds is inconstant in all his ways.

⁹ Now a humble brother should glory in his exaltation,

¹⁰ and a rich one, in his humiliation, for he will pass away like the flower of the grass.

¹¹ For the sun has risen with a scorching heat, and has dried the grass, and its flower has fallen off, and the appearance of its beauty has perished. So also will the rich one wither away, according to his paths.

¹² Blessed is the man who suffers temptation. For when he has been proven, he shall receive the crown of life which God has promised to those who love him.

¹³ No one should say, when he is tempted, that he was tempted by God. For God does not entice toward evils, and he himself tempts no one.

¹⁴ Yet truly, each one is tempted by his own desires, having been enticed and drawn away.

¹⁵ Thereafter, when desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin. Yet truly sin, when it has been consummated, produces death.

¹⁶ And so, do not choose to go astray, my most beloved brothers.

¹⁷ Every excellent gift and every perfect gift is from above, descending from the Father of lights, with whom there is no change, nor any shadow of alteration.

¹⁸ For by his own will he produced us through the Word of truth, so that we might be a kind of beginning among his creatures.¹

1. 1:18Some beginning: That is, a kind of first fruits of his creatures.(Challoner)

¹⁹ You know this, my most beloved brothers. So let every man be quick to listen, but slow to speak and slow to anger.

²⁰ For the anger of man does not accomplish the justice of God.

²¹ Because of this, having cast away all uncleanness and an abundance of malice, receive with meekness the newly-grafted Word, which is able to save your souls.

²² So be doers of the Word, and not listeners only, deceiving yourselves.

²³ For if anyone is a listener of the Word, but not also a doer, he is comparable to a man gazing into a mirror upon the face that he was born with;¹

1. 1:23The word ‘nativitatis’ refers to one’s birth, so ‘vultum nativitatis’ is the face one was born with, i.e. the natural appearance of a man given to him by God. (Now I know that ‘was born with’ is grammatically incorrect because it has a dangling preposition, but this is the way that people talk, so it sounds more natural to phrase it this way.)(Conte)

²⁴ and after considering himself, he went away and promptly forgot what he had seen.¹

1. 1:24By ‘qualis’ is meant the manner of his appearances when he looks in the mirror, in other words, what he sees in the mirror, his God-given appearances.(Conte)

²⁵ But he who gazes upon the perfect law of liberty, and who remains in it, is not a forgetful hearer, but instead a doer of the work. He shall be blessed in what he does.

²⁶ But if anyone considers himself to be religious, but he does not restrain his tongue, but instead seduces his own heart: such a one’s religion is vanity.

²⁷ This is religion, clean and undefiled before God the Father: to visit orphans and widows in their tribulations, and to keep yourself immaculate, apart from this age.