ἀλλά

ἀλλά — allá

ἀλλά, an adversative particle, derived from ἀλλά, neuter of the adjective ἄλλος, which was originally pronounced ἄλλος (cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii., p. 1f), hence properly, other things namely, than those just mentioned. It differs from δέ, as the Latinat andsed fromautem, (cf. Winer's Grammar, 441f (411)).

I. But. So related to the preceding words that it serves to introduce

1. an opposition to concessions; nevertheless, notwithstanding: Mat 24:6; Mar 13:20; Mar 14:28; Joh 16:7; Joh 16:20; Act 4:17; Act 7:48; Rom 5:14; Rom 10:16; 1Co 4:4; 2Co 7:6; Php 2:27 (ἀλλ' ὁ Θεός etc.), etc.

2. an objection: Joh 7:27; Rom 10:18; 1Co 15:35; Jas 2:18.

3. an exception: Luk 22:53; Rom 4:2; 1Co 8:7; 1Co 10:23.

4. a restriction: Joh 11:42; Gal 4:8; Mar 14:36.

5. an ascensive transition or gradation, nay rather, yea moreover: Joh 16:2; 2Co 1:9; especially with καί added, Luk 12:7; Luk 16:21; Luk 24:22. ἀλλ' οὐδέ, but... not even (German ja nicht einmal): Luk 23:15; Act 19:2; 1Co 3:2 (Rec. οὔτε); cf. Fritzsche on Mark, p. 157.

6. or forms a transition to the cardinal matter, especially before imperatives: Mat 9:18.; Mar 9:22; Mar 16:7; Luk 7:7; Joh 8:26; Joh 16:4; Act 9:6 (not Rec.);.

7. it is put elliptically: ἀλλ' ἵνα, i. e. ἀλλά τοῦτο γέγονεν, Mar 14:49; Joh 13:18; Joh 15:25; 1Jn 2:19.

8. after a conditional or concessive protasis it signifies, at the beginning of the apodosis, yet (cf. Winer's Grammar, 442 (411)): after καί εἰ, 2Co 13:4 (R G); Mar 14:29 R G L (2Ma 8:15); after εἰ καί, Mar 14:29 (T Tr WH); 2Co 4:16; 2Co 5:16; 2Co 11:6; Col 2:5 (2Ma 6:26); after εἰ, 1Co 9:2; Rom 6:5 (1Ma 2:20); after ἐάν, 1Co 4:15; after εἴπερ, 1Co 8:6 (L Tr marginal reading WH brackets ἀλλ'; cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii., p. 93f; Kühner, ii., p. 827, § 535 Anm. 6.

9. after a preceding μέν: Mar 9:13 (T omits; Tr brackets μέν; Act 4:16; Rom 14:20; 1Co 14:17.

10. it is joined to other particles; ἀλλά γέ (Griesbach ἀλλάγε) (twice in the N. T.): yet at least, 1Co 9:2; yet surely (aber freilich), Luk 24:21 (L T Tr WH add καί yea and etc.), cf. Bornemann at the passage. In the more elegant Greek writers these particles are not combined without the interposition of the most emphatic word between them; cf. Bornemann, the passage cited; Klotz ad Devar. ii., pp. 15f, 24f; Ast, Lex. Plato, i., p. 101; (Winer's Grammar, 444 (413)). ἀλλ' ἤ (arising from the blending of the two statements οὐδέν ἄλλο ἤ and οὐδέν ἄλλο, ἀλλά) save only, except: 1Co 3:5 (where ἀλλ' ἤ omitted by G L T Tr WH is spurious); Luk 12:51 (Sir 37:12 Sir 44:10); and after ἀλλά itself, 2Co 1:13 (here Lachmann brackets ἀλλ' before ἤ); cf. Klotz as above ii., 31ff; Kühner, ii., p. 824f § 535, 6; Winers Grammar, 442 (412); (Buttmann, 374 (320)). ἀλλ' οὐ but not, yet not: Heb 3:16 (if punctuated παρεπίκραναν; ἀλλ' οὐ) for 'But why do I ask? Did not all,' etc.; cf. Bleek at the passage (Winer's Grammar, 442 (411)). ἀλλ' οὐχί will he not rather? Luk 17:8.

II. preceded by a negation: but (Latinsed, German sondern);

1. οὐκ (μή)... ἀλλά: Mat 19:11; Mar 5:39; Joh 7:16; 1Co 1:17; 1Co 7:10; 1Co 7:19 (οὐδέν); 2Co 7:9; 1Ti 5:23 (μηκέτι), etc. By a rhetorical construction οὐκ... ἀλλά sometimes is logically equivalent to not so much... as: Mar 9:37 (οὐκ ἐμέ δέχεται, ἀλλά τόν ἀποστείλαντά με); Mat 10:20; Joh 12:44; Act 5:4; 1Co 15:10; 1Th 4:8; by this form of speech the emphasis is laid on the second member; cf. Fritzsche on Mark, p. 773ff; Winers Grammar, § 55, 8 b.; (Buttmann, 356 (306)). οὐ μόνος... ἀλλά καί not only... but also: Joh 5:18; Joh 11:52 (ἀλλ' ἵνα καί, Rom 1:32, and very often. When καί is omitted (as in the Latinnon solum... sed), the gradation is strengthened: Act 19:26 (Lachmann adds καί); 1Jn 5:6; ἀλλά πολλῷ μᾶλλον, Php 2:12; cf. Fritzsche, the passage cited, p. 786ff; Winers Grammar, 498 (464); (Buttmann, 369f (317)).

2. The negation to which ἀλλά pertains is suppressed, but can easily be supplied upon reflection (Winer's Grammar, 442 (412)): Mat 11:7-9; Luk 7:24-26 (in each passage, before ἀλλά supply 'you will say you did not go out into the wilderness for this purpose'); Act 19:2 (we have not received the Holy Spirit, but...); Gal 2:3 (they said not one word in opposition to me, but...); 2Co 7:11 (where before ἀλλά, repeated six times by anaphora, supply οὐ μόνον with the accusative of the preceding word). It is used in answers to questions having the force of a negation (Winer's Grammar, 442 (412)): Joh 7:49; Act 15:11; 1Co 10:20. ἀλλά ἵνα (or ἀλλ' ἵνα, cf. Winers Grammar, 40; Buttmann, 10) elliptical after a negation (Winer's Grammar, 316f (297); 620 (576); Fritzsche on Matthew, p. 840f): Joh 1:8 (supply ἀλλά ἦλθεν, ἵνα); (ἀλλά τυφλός ἐγένετο (or ἐγεννήθη), ἵνα); Mar 4:22 (ἀλλά τοιοῦτο ἐγένετο, ἵνα). ( The best manuscripts seem to elide the final a before nouns, but not before verbs Scrivener, Plain Introduction, etc., p. 14; but see Dr. Gregory's full exhibition of the facts in Tdf Proleg., p. 93f, from which it appears that "elision is commonly or almost always omitted before (alpha) ἆ, almost always before (upsilon) u, often before (epsilon) e and (eta) ee, rarely before (omikron) o and (omega) oo, never before (iota) i; and it should be noticed that this coincides with the fact that the familiar words ἐν, ἵνα, ὅτι, οὐ, ὡς, prefer the form ἀλλ'; see also WHs Appendix, p. 146. Cf. Winers Grammar, § 5, 1 a.; Buttmann, p. 10.)