λαμβάνω

λαμβάνω — lambánō

λαμβάνω; imperfect ἐλάμβανον; future λήψομαι (L T Tr WH λήμψομαι, an Alexandrian form; see under the word Mu); 2 aorist ἔλαβον (2 person plural once (in Tdf. 7 after B*) ἐλαβατε, 1Jn 2:27; see references under the word ἀπέρχομαι, at the beginning), imperative λαβέ (Rev 10:8 f), not λαβέ (Winers Grammar, § 6, 1 a.; Buttmann, 62 (54)); perfect εἴληφα, 2 person ἐοιληφας (and ἐιληφες (Rev 11:17 WH; see κοπιάω); on the use of the perfect interchangeably with an aorist (Rev 5:7; Rev 8:5, etc.) cf. Buttmann, 197 (170); Winer's Grammar, 272 (255); Jebb in Vincent and Dickson's Modern Greek, 2nd edition, Appendix, §§ 67, 68), participle εἰληφώς; (passive, present participle λαμβανόμενος; perfect 3 person singular ἐιληπται, Joh 8:4 WH marginal reading (rejected section)); the Sept. hundreds of times for לָקַח, very often for נָשָׂא, also for לָכַד and several times for אָחַז; (from Homer down);

I. to take, i. e.:

1. to take with the hand, lay hold of, any person or thing in order to use it: absolutely, where the context shows what is taken, Mat 26:26; Mar 14:22; (τόν) ἄρτον, Mat 26:26; Act 27:35; τό βιβλίον, Rev 5:7-9 (see Buttmann, and Winer's Grammar, as above); μαχαιρον (grasp, lay hand to), Mat 26:52, and in many other examples After a circumstantial style of description (see ἀνίστημι, II. 1 c.) in use from Homer down (cf. Passow, under the word C.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word I. 11); Matthiae, § 558, Anm. 2; (Winer's Grammar, § 65, 4 c.)), the participle λαβών with the accusative of the object is placed before an active verb where it does not always seem to us necessary to mention the act of taking (as λαβών κυσε χεῖρα (cf. our 'he took and kissed'), Homer, Odyssey 24, 398): Mat 13:31; Mat 13:33; Mat 17:27; Mar 9:36; Luk 13:19; Luk 13:21; Joh 12:3; Act 2:23 Rec.;; λαβών τό αἷμα... τόν λαόν ἐρράντισε (equivalent to τῷ αἵματι... τόν λαόν ἐρράντισε), Heb 9:19; or the verb λαβεῖν in a finite form followed by καί precedes, as ἔλαβε τόν Ἰησοῦν καί ἐμαστίγωσεν, Joh 19:1; add, Joh 19:40; Joh 21:13; Rev 8:5; also λαβεῖν τόν ἄρτον... καί βαλεῖν etc., Mat 15:26; Mar 7:27; ἔλαβον... καί ἐποίησαν, Joh 19:23. metaphorically, ἀφορμήν (see the word, 2), Rom 7:8; Rom 7:11; ὑπόδειγμα τίνος (the genitive of the thing) τινα, to take one as an example of a thing, for imitation, Jas 5:10; to take in order to wear, τά ἱμάτια, i. e. to put on: Joh 13:12 (ἐσθῆτα, ὑποδήματα, Herodotus 2, 37; 4, 78); μορφήν δούλου, Php 2:7. to take in the mouth: something to eat, Joh 13:30; Act 9:19; 1Ti 4:4 (cf. Latincibum capio, to take food); to take anything to drink, i. e. drink, swallow, ὕδωρ, Rev 22:17; to drink, τό ὄξος, Joh 19:30; οὐκ ἔλαβε, he did not take it, i. e. refused to drink it, Mar 15:23. to take up a thing to be carried; to take upon oneself: τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ, Mat 10:38 (L marginal reading ἄρῃ); to take with one for future use: ἄρτους, Mat 16:5; Mat 16:7; λαμπάδας, Mat 25:1; ἔλαιον μεθ' ἑαυτῶν, ibid. 3.

2. to take in order to carry away: without the notion of violence, τάς ἀσθενείας, i. e. to remove, take away, Mat 8:17; with the notion of violence, to seize, take away forcibly: Mat 5:40; Rev 3:11; τήν εἰρήνην ἐκ (Rec. ἀπό (WH brackets ἐκ)) τῆς γῆς, Rev 6:4.

3. to take what is one's own, to take to oneself, to make one's own;

a. to claim, procure, for oneself: τί, Joh 3:27 (opposed to what is given); ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν, Luk 19:12; with the accusative of the person to associate with one' s self as companion, attendant, etc.: λαβών τήν σπεῖραν ἔρχεται, taking with him the band of soldiers (whose aid he might use) he comes, Joh 18:3 (στρατόν λαβών ἔρχεται, Sophocles Trach. 259); λαμβάνειν γυανικα, to take i. e. marry a wife, Mar 12:19-22; Luk 20:28-31 (Gen 4:19, etc.; Xenophon, Cyril 8, 4, 16; Bur. Alc. 324; with ἑαυτῷ added, Gen 4:19; Gen 6:2, and often).

b. of that which when taken is not let go, like the Latincapio, equivalent to to seize, lay hold of, apprehend: τινα, Mat 21:35; Mat 21:39; Mar 12:3; Mar 12:8, and very often in Greek writings from Homer down; tropically, τί, i. e. to get possession of, obtain, a thing, Php 3:12 (cf. Winers Grammar, 276 (259)); metaphorically, of affections or evils seizing on a man (Latincapio, occupo): τινα ἔλαβεν ἔκστασις, Luk 5:26; φόβος, Luk 7:16 (very often so even in Homer, as τρόμος ἐλλαβε γυια, Iliad 3, 34; με ἵμερος αἴρει, 3, 446; χόλος, 4, 23; the Sept. Exo 15:15; Wis 11:13 (12)); πνεῦμα (i. e., a demon), Luk 9:39; πειρασμός, 1Co 10:13.

c. to take by craft (our catch, used of hunters, fishermen, etc.): οὐδέν, Luk 5:5; tropically, τινα, to circumvent one by fraud, 2Co 11:20; with δόλῳ added, 2Co 12:16.

d. to take to oneself, lay hold upon, take possession of, i. e. to appropriate to oneself: ἑαυτῷ τήν τιμήν, Heb 5:4.

e. Latincapto, catch at, reach after, strive to obtain: τί παρά τίνος (the genitive of person), Joh 5:34; Joh 5:41; alternating with ζητεῖν, Joh 5:44.

f. to take a thing due according to agreement or law, to collect, gather (tribute): τά δίδραχμα, Mat 17:24; τέλη ἀπό τίνος, 25; δεκάτας, Heb 7:8 f; καρπούς, Mat 21:34; παρά τῶν γεωργῶν ἀπό τοῦ καρποῦ, Mar 12:2.

4. to take i. e. to admit, receive: τινα ῤαπίσμασιν, Mar 14:65 L T Tr WH (cf. Latinverberibus aliquem accipere), but see βάλλω, 1; τινα εἰς τά ἰδίᾳ, unto his own home (see ἴδιος, 1 b.), Joh 19:27; εἰς οἰκίαν, 2Jn 1:10; εἰς τό πλοῖον, Joh 6:21. to receive what is offered; not to refuse or reject: τινα, one, in order to obey him, Joh 1:12; Joh 5:43; Joh 13:20; τί, properly, to receive, Mat 27:6; tropically: τόν λόγον, to admit or receive into the mind, Mat 13:20; Mar 4:16 (for which in Luk 8:13 δέχονται; τήν μαρτυρίαν, to believe the testimony, Joh 3:11; Joh 3:32 f; τά ῤήματα τίνος, Joh 12:48; Joh 17:8. In imitation of the Hebrew פָּנִים נָשָׂא (on the various senses of which in the O. T. cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, ii., p. 915f), πρόσωπον λαμβάνω, to receive a person, give him access to oneself, i. e. to regard anyone's power, rank, external circumstances, and on that account to do some injustice or neglect something: used of partiality (A. V. to accept the person), Luk 20:21; with ἀνθρώπου added, Gal 2:6 (Lev 19:15; Mal 2:9, etc.; θαυμάζειν τό πρόσωπον, Deu 10:17; Job 32:22); (cf. Lightfoot on Galatians, the passage cited).

5. to take, equivalent to to choose, select: τινα ἐκ τινων, passive Heb 5:1.

6. To the signification to take may be referred that use, frequent in Greek authors also (cf. Passow, under the word, B.

d. at the end; (Liddell and Scott, II. 3)), by which λαμβάνειν joined to a substantive forms a periphrasis of the verb whose idea is expressed by the substantive: λαμβάνειν ἀρχήν to take beginning, equivalent to ἄρχομαι to begin, Heb 2:3 (Polybius 1, 12, 9, and often; Aelian v. h. 2, 28; 12, 53, and in other authors); λήθην τίνος, to forget, 2Pe 1:9 (Josephus, Antiquities 2, 6, 10; 9, 1; 4, 8, 44; Aelian v. h. 3, 18 under the end; h. anim. 4, 35); ὑπόμνησιν τίνος, to be reminded of a thing, 2Ti 1:5; περιαν τίνος, to prove anything, i. e. either to make trial of: ἧς namely, θαλάσσης, which they attempted to pass through, Heb 11:29; or to have trial of, to experience: also with the genitive of the thing, Heb 11:36 (in both senses often also in classical Greek; see πεῖρα, and Bleek, Br. a. d. Heb 2:2, p. 811); συμβούλιον λαμβάνειν, to take counsel, equivalent to συμβουλεύεσθαι, to deliberate (a combination in imitation apparently of the Latin phraseconsilium capere, although that signifies to form a plan, to resolve): Mat 12:14; Mat 22:15; Mat 27:1; Mat 27:7; Mat 28:12; θάρσος, to take, receive, courage, Act 28:15; τό χάραγμα τίνος, equivalent to χάρσσομαι τί, to receive the mark of, i. e. let oneself be marked or stamped with: Rev 14:9; Rev 14:11; Rev 19:20; Rev 20:4.

II. to receive (what is given); to gain, get, obtain: absolutely, opposed to αἰτεῖν, Mat 7:8; Luk 11:10; Joh 16:24; opposed to διδόναι, Act 20:35; Mat 10:8; with the accusative of the thing, Mat 20:9; Mar 10:30; (Luk 18:30 L text WH text Tr marginal reading); Joh 7:39; Act 2:38; Act 10:43; Rom 1:5; Rom 5:11; 1Co 2:12; 1Co 9:24; 2Co 11:4; Gal 3:14; Heb 9:15; ( R G, see ἐπαγγελία, 2 b.; cf. Winer's Grammar, 237 (222)); Jas 1:12; Jas 5:7; 1Pe 4:10; Rev 4:11; Rev 5:12, and many other examples; μισθόν, Mat 10:41; Joh 4:36; 1Co 3:8; 1Co 3:14; ἐλεημοσύνην, Act 3:3; ἔλεος, Heb 4:16; τόπον ἀπολογίας, Act 25:16; τήν ἐπισκοπήν, Act 1:20; διάδοχον, Act 24:27 (successorem accipio, Pliny, epistles 9, 13); τό ἱκανόν παρά τίνος (the genitive of person), Act 17:9 (see ἱκανός, a. at the end); of punishments: κρίμα, Matthew 23:14-13Rec.; Mar 12:40 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 183 (172)); Luk 20:47 Jas 3:1; with the dative incommodi added, ἑαυτῷ, Rom 13:2 (δίκην, Herodotus 1, 115; Euripides, Bacch. 1312; ποινας, Euripides, Tro. 360). οἰκοδομήν, to receive edifying, equivalent to ὀικοδομοῦμαι, 1Co 14:5; περιτομήν, equivalent to περιτέμνομαι, Joh 7:23; τί ἐκ τιονς, Joh 1:16; ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τούς νεκρούς, substantially equivalent to to receive, get back, Heb 11:35 (see ἐκ, II. 6); ἐκ, a part of a thing (see ἐκ, II. 9), Rev 18:4; τί παρά τίνος (the genitive of person) (Luk 6:34 T Tr text WH); Joh 10:18; Act 2:33; Act 3:5; Act 20:24; Act 26:10; Jas 1:7; 1Jn 3:22 R G; 2Jn 1:4; Rev 2:28; ἀπό τίνος (the genitive of person), 1Jn 2:27; ( L T Tr WH); on the difference between παρά and ἀπό τίνος λαμβάνειν, cf. Winers Grammar, 370 (347) note; (Buttmann, § 147, 5; yet see Lightfoot on Gal 1:12); ὑπό τίνος, 2Co 11:24; πῶς εἴληφας, how thou hast received by instruction in the gospel, i. e. hast learned, Rev 3:3. The verb λαμβάνω does not occur in the Epistles to the Thessalonians, Philemon, Titus, nor in the Epistle of Jude. [COMPARE: ἀναλαμβάνω, ἀντιλαμβάνω, συν(αντιλαμβάνω (λαμβάνομαι), ἀπολαμβάνω, ἐπιλαμβάνω, καταλαμβάνω, μεταλαμβάνω, παραλαμβάνω, συνπαραλαμβάνω, προλαμβάνω, προσλαμβάνω, προσλαμβάνω, συνλαμβάνω, συνπεριλαμβάνω, ὑπολαμβάνω. SYNONYM: see δέχομαι, at the end]