¹ Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God.

² Which he had promised before, by his prophets, in the holy scriptures,

³ Concerning his Son, who was made to him of the seed of David, according to the flesh,

⁴ Who was predestinated the Son of God in power, according to the spirit of sanctification, by the resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ from the dead:

⁵ By whom we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith, in all nations, for his name:

⁶ Among whom are you also the called of Jesus Christ:

⁷ To all that are at Rome, the beloved of God, called to be saints. Grace to you and peace, from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ.

⁸ First, I give thanks to my God, through Jesus Christ, for you all: because your faith is spoken of in the whole world.

⁹ For God is my witness, whom I serve in my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that without ceasing I make a commemoration of you:

¹⁰ Always in my prayers making request, if by any means now at length I may have a prosperous journey, by the will of God, to come unto you.

¹¹ For I long to see you that I may impart unto you some spiritual grace, to strengthen you:

¹² That is to say, that I may be comforted together in you by that which is common to us both, your faith and mine.

¹³ And I would not have you ignorant, brethren, that I have often purposed to come unto you (and have been hindered hitherto) that I might have some fruit among you also, even as among other Gentiles.

¹⁴ To the Greeks and to the barbarians, to the wise and to the unwise, I am a debtor.

¹⁵ So (as much as is in me) I am ready to preach the gospel to you also that are at Rome.

¹⁶ For I am not ashamed of the gospel. For it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth: to the Jew first and to the Greek.

¹⁷ For the justice of God is revealed therein, from faith unto faith, as it is written: The just man liveth by faith.

¹⁸ For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and injustice of those men that detain the truth of God in injustice:

¹⁹ Because that which is known of God is manifest in them. For God hath manifested it unto them.

²⁰ For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made. His eternal power also and divinity: so that they are inexcusable.

²¹ Because that, when they knew God, they have not glorified him as God or given thanks: but became vain in their thoughts. And their foolish heart was darkened.

²² For, professing themselves to be wise, they became fools.

²³ And they changed the glory of the incorruptible God into the likeness of the image of a corruptible man and of birds, and of fourfooted beasts and of creeping things.

²⁴ Wherefore, God gave them up to the desires of their heart, unto uncleanness: to dishonour their own bodies among themselves.

²⁵ Who changed the truth of God into a lie and worshipped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.

²⁶ For this cause, God delivered them up to shameful affections. For their women have changed the natural use into that use which is against nature.

²⁷ And, in like manner, the men also, leaving the natural use of the women, have burned in their lusts, one towards another: men with men, working that which is filthy and receiving in themselves the recompense which was due to their error.

²⁸ And as they liked not to have God in their knowledge, God delivered them up to a reprobate sense, to do those things which are not convenient.

²⁹ Being filled with all iniquity, malice, fornication, avarice, wickedness: full of envy, murder, contention, deceit, malignity: whisperers,

³⁰ Detractors, hateful to God, contumelious, proud, haughty, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

³¹ Foolish, dissolute: without affection, without fidelity, without mercy.

³² Who, having known the justice of God, did not understand that they who do such things, are worthy of death: and not only they that do them, but they also that consent to them that do them.