ὅστις

ὅστις — hóstis

ὅστις, ἥτις, ὁ, τί (separated by a hypodiastole (comma), to distinguish it from ὅτι; but L T Tr write ὁ τί, without a hypodiastole (cf. Tdf. Prolog., p. 111), leaving a little space between ὁ and τί; (WH ὅτι); cf. Winers Grammar, 46 (45f); (Lipsius, Gramm. Untersuch., p. 118f; WH. Introductory § 411)), genitive ὁυτινος (but of the oblique cases only the accusative neuter ὁ, τί and the genitive ὅτου, in the phrase ἕως ὅτου, are found in the N. T.) (from Homer down), compound of ὅς and τίς, hence, properly, anyone who; i. e.:

1. whoever, everyone who: ὅστις simply, in the singular chiefly at the beginning of a sentence in general propositions, especially in Matt.; with an indicative present, Mat 13:12 (twice); Mar 8:34 (where L Tr WH εἰ τίς); Luk 14:27; neuter Mat 18:28 Rec.; with a future, Mat 5:39 (R G Tr marginal reading),;, etc.; Jas 2:10 R G; plural οἵτινες, whosoever (all those who): with indicative present, Mar 4:20; Luk 8:15; Gal 5:4; with indicative aorist, Rev 1:7; Rev 2:24; Rev 20:4; πᾶς ὅστις, with indicative present Mat 7:24; with future Mat 10:32; ὅστις with subjunctive (where ἄν is lacking very rarely (cf. Winers Grammar, § 42, 3 (especially at the end); Buttmann, § 139, 31)) aorist (having the force of the future perfect in Latin), Mat 18:4 Rec.; Jas 2:10 L T Tr WH. ὅστις ἄν with subjunctive aorist (Latin future perfect), Mat 10:33 (R G T);; with subjunctive present Gal 5:10 (ἐάν T Tr WH); neuter with subjunctive aorist, Luk 10:35; Joh 14:13 (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading present subjunctive); (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading present subjunctive); with subjunctive present, Joh 2:5; 1Co 16:2 (Tr WH ἐάν; WH marginal reading aorist subjunctive); ὁ ἐάν τί for ὁ, τί ἄν with subjunctive aorist Eph 6:8 (R G); πᾶν ὁ, τί ἄν or ἐάν with subjunctive present, Col 3:17; Col 3:23 (Rec.; cf. Buttmann, § 139, 19; Winer's Grammar, § 42, 3).

2. it refers to a single person or thing, but so that regard is had to a general notion or class to which this individual person or thing belongs, and thus it indicates quality: one who, such a one as, of such a nature that (cf. Kühner, § 554 Anm. 1, ii., p. 905; (Jelf, § 816, 5); Lücke on 1Jn 1:2, p. 210f): ἡγούμενος, ὅστις ποιμανεῖ, Mat 2:6; add, Mat 7:26; Mat 13:52; Mat 16:28; Mat 20:1; Mat 25:1; Mar 15:7; Luk 2:10; Luk 7:37; Luk 8:3; Joh 8:25; Joh 21:25 (Tdf. omits the verse); Act 11:28; Act 16:12; Act 24:1; Rom 11:4; 1Co 5:1; 1Co 7:13 (Tdf. εἰ τίς); Gal 4:24; Gal 4:26; Gal 5:19; Php 2:20; Col 2:23; 2Ti 1:5; Heb 2:3; Heb 8:5; Heb 10:11; Heb 12:5; Jas 4:14; 1Jn 1:2; Rev 1:12; Rev 9:4; Rev 17:12; ὁ ναός τοῦ Θεοῦ ἅγιος ἐστιν, οἵτινες ἐστε ὑμεῖς (where οἵτινες makes reference to ἅγιος) and such are ye, 1Co 3:17 (some refer it to ναός).

3. Akin to the last usage is thai whereby it serves to give a reason, such as equivalent to seeing that he, inasmuch as he: Rom 16:12 (here Lachmann brackets the clause); Eph 3:13; (Col 3:5); Heb 8:6; plural, Mat 7:15; Act 10:47; Act 17:11; Rom 1:25; Rom 1:32; Rom 2:15; Rom 6:2; Rom 9:4; Rom 16:7; 2Co 8:10; (Php 4:3 (where see Lightfoot)); 1Ti 1:4; Tit 1:11; 1Pe 2:11.

4. According to a later Greek usage it is put for the interrogative τίς in direct questions (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 57; Lachmann, larger edition, vol. i., p. xliii; Buttmann, 253 (218); cf. Winer's Grammar, 167 (158)); thus in the N. T. the neuter ὁ, τί stands for τί equivalent to διά τί in Mar 2:16 T Tr WH (cf. 7 WH marginal reading); (Jer 2:36; 1Ch 17:6 — for which in the parallel, 2Sa 7:7, ἵνα τί appears; Epistle of Barnabas 7, 9 [ET] ((where see Müller); cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 125; Evang. Nicod. pars i. A. 14:3 p. 245 and note; cf. also Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word, 4)); many interpreters bring in Joh 8:25 here; but respecting it see ἀρχή, 1 b.

5. It differs scarcely at all from the simple relative ὅς (cf. Matthiae, p. 1073; Buttmann, § 127, 18; (Krüger, § 51, 8; Ellicott on Gal 4:24; cf. Jebb in Vincent and Dickson's Handbook. to Modern Greek, Appendix, § 24); but cf. C. F. A. Fritzsche in Fritzschiorum opuscc., p. 182f, who stoutly denies it): Luk 2:4; Luk 9:30; Act 17:10; Act 23:14; Act 28:18; Eph 1:23.

6. ἕως ὅτου, on which see ἕως, II. 1 b. β., p. 268b middle