γράφω

γράφω — gráphō

γράφω; (imperfect ἔγραφον); future γράψω; 1 aorist ἔγραψα; perfect γέγραφα; passive (present γράφομαι); perfect γεγραμμαι; (pluperfect 3 person singular ἐγέγραπτο, Rev 17:8 Lachmann); 2 aorist ἐγράφην; (properly, to grave, scrape, scratch, engrave; cf. German graben,eingraben; γραψεν δέ οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις αἰχμή, Homer, Iliad 17, 599; σηματα γράψας ἐν πίνακι, ibid. 6, 169; hence, to draw letters), to write;

1. with reference to the form of the letters; to delineate (or form) letters on a tablet, parchment, paper, or other material: τῷ δακτύλῳ ἔγραφεν εἰς τήν γῆν made figures on the ground, Joh 8:6 Rec.; οὕτω γράφω so I am accustomed to form my letters, 2Th 3:17; πηλίκοις γραμμασι ἔγραψα with how large (and so, ill-formed (?)) letters I have written, Gal 6:11; cf. Winer, Rückert, Hilgenfeld at the passage (for the views of those who regard ἔγραψα as covering the close of the Epistle only, see Lightfoot and Meyer; cf. Winers Grammar, 278 (261); Buttmann, 198 (171f)).

2. with reference to the contents of the writing;

a. to express in written characters, followed by the words expressed: ἔγραψε λέγων. Ἰωάννης ἐστι τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Luk 1:63; μή γράφε. ὁ βασιλεύς τῶν Ἰουδαίων κτλ., Joh 19:21; γράψον μακάριοι κτλ., Rev 14:13. γράφω τί, Joh 19:22; passive Rev 1:3; ἐπί τί, Rev 2:17; Rev 19:16; τί ἐπί τινα, Rev 3:12; ἐπί τίνος, Rev 14:1.

b. to commit to writing (things not to be forgotten), write dozen, record: Rev 1:19 (γράψον ἅ εἶδες); Rev 10:4; γράφειν εἰς βιβλίον, Rev 1:11; ἐπί τό βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς, Rev 17:8; γεγραμμένων ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ (or τῇ βίβλῳ), ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις, Rev 13:8; Rev 20:12; Rev 20:15; Rev 21:27; Rev 22:18-19; τά ὀνόματα ὑμῶν ἐγράφη (ἐγγραφή (ἐγγραφή Tr see Nu) γεγραμμένον T Tr WH) ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς, i. e. that ye have been enrolled with those for whom eternal blessedness has been prepared, Luk 10:20; γράφειν τί τίνι, to record something for someone's use, Luk 1:3.

c. ἐγράφη and γέγραπται (in the Synoptists and Paul), and γεγραμμένον ἐστι (in John), are used of those things which stand written in the sacred books (of the O. T.); absolutely γέγραπται, followed by the quotation from the sacred vol.: Matthew 4:4, 6f, 10; Mat 21:13; Mar 7:6; Mar 11:17; Mar 14:27; Luk 4:8; Luk 19:46; καθώς γέγραπται, Act 15:15, very often in Paul, as Rom 1:17; Rom 2:24; Rom 3:4 (see below); 1Co 1:31; 1Co 2:9; 2Co 8:15; 2Co 9:9; καθάπερ γεγραμμένον, Rom 11:8 T Tr WH; (Rom 3:4 T Tr WH); γέγραπται γάρ, Mat 26:31; Luk 4:10; Act 23:5; Rom 12:19; Rom 14:11; 1Co 3:19; Gal 3:10; Gal 3:13 Rec.;; ὁ λόγος ὁ γεγραμμένος, 1Co 15:54; κατά τό γεγραμμένον, 2Co 4:13; γεγραμμένον ἐστι, Joh 2:17; Joh 6:31; Joh 12:14; ἐγράφη δέ πρός νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν, 1Co 10:11; ἐγράφη δἰ ἡμᾶς for our sake, Rom 4:24; 1Co 9:10; with the name of the author of the written words or of the books in which they are found: γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ ψαλμῶν, Act 1:20; ἐν βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν, Act 7:42; ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ (R WH δευτέρῳ) ψαλμῷ, Act 13:33; ἐν Ἠσαΐᾳ, Mar 1:2 (not Rec.), etc. τινα or τί to write of, i. e. in writing to mention or refer to a person or a thing: ὅν ἔγραψε Μωϋσῆς whom Moses had in mind in writing of the Messiah, or whose likeness Moses delineated, Joh 1:45 (46); Μωϋσῆς γράφει τήν δικαιοσύνην τήν ἐκ νόμου, Moses, writing the words ὅτι ὁ ποιήσας αὐτά κτλ., points out the righteousness which is of the law, Rom 10:5. γέγραπται, γράφειν, etc. περί τίνος, concerning one: Mat 26:24; Mar 14:21; Joh 5:46; Act 13:29; ἐπί τόν υἱόν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, that it should find fulfilment in him, Mar 9:12 f (cf. ἵνα, II. 2b.); ἐπ' αὐτῷ, on him i. e. of him (cf. Winer's Grammar, 393 (368) (and ἐπί, Buttmann, 2f. β.)), Joh 12:16; τά γεγραμμένα τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου written for him, allotted to him in Scripture, i. e. to be accomplished in his career, Luk 18:31; cf. Winers Grammar, § 31, 4; (yet cf. Buttmann, 178 (154)); Μωϋσῆς ἔγραψεν ὑμῖν ἵνα etc. Moses in the Scripture commanded us that etc. (cf. Buttmann, 237 (204)), Mar 12:19; Luk 20:28.

d. γράφειν τίνι to write to one, i. e. by writing (in a written epistle) to give information, directions, etc. to one: Rom 15:15; 2Co 2:4; 2Co 2:9 (dative implied);; Phm 1:21; 2Pe 3:15; 1Jn 2:12 ff; δἰ ὀλίγων, 1Pe 5:12; διά μέλανος καί καλάμου, 3Jn 1:13; followed by the words written or to be written in the letter: Act 15:23; Rev 2:1; Rev 2:8; Rev 2:12; Rev 2:18; Rev 3:1; Rev 3:7; Rev 3:14; γράφειν τίνι τί, 1Co 14:37; 2Co 1:13; 2Co 2:3 (L T Tr WH omit the dative); Gal 1:20; 1Ti 3:14; 1Jn 1:4 (R G L);; περί τίνος, 1Jn 2:26; Act 25:23; 2Co 9:1; 1Th 4:9; 1Th 5:1; Jud 1:3; διά χειρός τίνος, to send a letter by one, Act 15:23 (see χείρ); γράφειν τίνι, followed by an infinitive, by letter to bid one do a thing, Act 18:27; followed by μή with an infinitive (to forbid, write one not to etc.), 1Co 5:9; 1Co 5:11.

3. to fill with writing (German beschreiben): βιβλίον γεγραμμένον ἔσωθεν καί ὄπισθεν a volume written within and behind, on the back, hence, on both sides, Rev 5:1 (Eze 2:10); cf. Düsterdieck (Alford, others) at the passage

4. to draw up in writing, compose: βιβλίον, Mar 10:4; Joh 21:25 (Tdf. omit the verse; see WH's Appendix at the passage); τίτλον, Joh 19:19; ἐπιστολήν, Act 23:25; 2Pe 3:1; ἐντολήν τίνι to write a commandment to one, Mar 10:5; 1Jn 2:7; 2Jn 1:5. (Compare: ἀπογράφω, ἐγγράφω, ἐπιγράφω, καταγράφω, προ(γράφω.)

STRONGS NT 1125: καταγράφωκαταγράφω: imperfect 3 person singular κατέγραφεν; to draw (forms or figures), to delineate: Joh 8:6 manuscript D etc. which T Tr WH (txt.) would substitute for R G ἔγραφεν. (Pausanias 1, 28, 2. Differently in other Greek writings) (Perhaps it may be taken in John, the passage cited in a more general sense: to mark (cf. Pollux 9, 7, 104, etc.).)