Absent from the Body and at Home with the Lord

¹ For we know that if our earthly house, the tent, is destroyed, we have a building from God, a house not made by hands, eternal in the heavens.

² For indeed, in this house we groan, because we¹ desire to put on our dwelling from heaven,

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“desire”) which is understood as causal

³ if indeed, even after we¹ have taken it off,² we will not be found naked.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“have taken off”) which is understood as temporal
2. A number of important early manuscripts read “have put it on” here

⁴ For indeed we who are in this tent groan, being burdened ⌞for this reason, that⌟¹ we do not want to be unclothed, but to be clothed, in order that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life.

1. Literally “in that”

⁵ Now the one who has prepared us for this very thing is God, who has given us the down payment, the Spirit.

⁶ Therefore, although we are¹ always confident and know that while we² are at home in the body we are absent from the Lord—

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“confident”) which is understood as concessive
2. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are at home”) which is understood as temporal

⁷ for we live by faith, not by sight—

⁸ so we are confident and prefer rather to be absent from the body and to be at home with the Lord.

⁹ Therefore indeed we have as our ambition, whether at home in the body or absent from the body, to be acceptable to him.

¹⁰ For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, in order that each one may receive back the things through the body according to what he has done, whether good or bad.

Controlled by the Love of Christ

¹¹ Therefore, because we¹ know the fear of the Lord, we are attempting to persuade people, but we are revealed to God, and I hope to be revealed in your consciences.

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“know”) which is understood as causal

¹² We are not commending ourselves to you again, but are giving you an opportunity to boast about us, in order that you may have an answer for those who boast in appearance and not in heart.

¹³ For if we are out of our senses, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you.

¹⁴ For the love of Christ controls us, because we¹ have concluded this: that one died for all; as a result all died.

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“have concluded”) which is understood as causal

¹⁵ And he died for all, in order that those who live should no longer live for themselves, but for the one who died for them and was raised.

¹⁶ So then, from now on we know no one ⌞from a human point of view⌟¹, if indeed we have known Christ ⌞from a human point of view⌟², but now we know him this way no longer.

1. Literally “according to the flesh”
2. Literally “according to the flesh”

¹⁷ Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old things have passed away; behold, new things have come.

¹⁸ And all these things are from God, who has reconciled us to himself through Christ, and who has given us the ministry of reconciliation,

¹⁹ namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.

²⁰ Therefore we are ambassadors on behalf of Christ, as if¹ God were imploring you through us. We beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God.

1. *Here “if” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were imploring”) which is understood as conditional

²¹ He made the one who did not know sin to be sin on our behalf, in order that we could become the righteousness of God in him.