The Genealogy of Jesus Christ

¹ The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.

² Abraham became the father of Isaac, and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob became the father of Judah and his brothers,

³ and Judah became the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, and Perez became the father of Hezron, and Hezron became the father of Aram,¹

1. Although the Greek text reads “Aram,” many English versions substitute the Old Testament form of the name, “Ram” (cf. 1 Chr 2:9; Ruth 4:19), here and in the following verse

⁴ and Aram became the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab became the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon became the father of Salmon,

⁵ and Salmon became the father of Boaz by Rahab, and Boaz became the father of Obed by Ruth, and Obed became the father of Jesse,

⁶ and Jesse became the father of David the king. And David became the father of Solomon by the wife¹ of Uriah,

1. *The word “wife” is not in the Greek text, but is implied idiomatically

⁷ and Solomon became the father of Rehoboam, and Rehoboam became the father of Abijah, and Abijah became the father of Asa,¹

1. Greek “Asaph,” alternately spelled “Asa” in many English versions here and in the following verse (cf. 1 Chr 3:10)

⁸ and Asa became the father of Jehoshaphat,¹ and Jehoshaphat became the father of Joram, and Joram became the father of Uzziah,

1. Greek “Josaphat”; alternately spelled “Jehoshaphat” in many English versions

⁹ and Uzziah became the father of Jotham, and Jotham became the father of Ahaz, and Ahaz became the father of Hezekiah,

¹⁰ and Hezekiah became the father of Manasseh, and Manasseh became the father of Amon,¹ and Amon became the father of Josiah,

1. The earliest and best Greek manuscripts read “Amos,” but many English versions use the Old Testament form of the name here, “Amon” (cf. 2 Kgs 21:18)

¹¹ and Josiah became the father of Jechoniah and his brothers, at the time of the deportation to Babylon.

¹² And after the deportation to Babylon, Jechoniah became the father of Shealtiel,¹ and Shealtiel became the father of Zerubbabel,

1. Greek “Salathiel,” but many English versions use the Old Testament form of the name here, “Shealtiel” (cf. Ezra 3:2)

¹³ and Zerubbabel became the father of Abiud, and Abiud became the father of Eliakim, and Eliakim became the father of Azor,

¹⁴ and Azor became the father of Zadok, and Zadok became the father of Achim, and Achim became the father of Eliud,

¹⁵ and Eliud became the father of Eleazar, and Eleazar became the father of Matthan, and Matthan became the father of Jacob,

¹⁶ and Jacob became the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary by whom¹ was born Jesus, who is called Christ.

1. The Greek relative pronoun is feminine gender and thus refers only to Mary, not Joseph

¹⁷ Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon are fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ are fourteen generations.

The Birth of Jesus Christ

¹⁸ Now the birth of Jesus Christ occurred in this way. His mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found ⌞to be pregnant⌟¹ by the Holy Spirit.

1. Literally “to have in the womb”

¹⁹ So Joseph her husband, being righteous and not wanting to disgrace her, intended to divorce her secretly.

²⁰ But as¹ he was considering these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife, for what has been conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“considering”)

²¹ And she will give birth to a son, and you will call his name ‘Jesus,’ because he will save his people from their sins.”

²² Now all this happened in order that what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet would be fulfilled, saying,

²³ “Behold, the virgin ⌞will become pregnant⌟¹ and will give birth to a son, and they will call his name Emmanuel,”² which is translated, “God with us.”³

1. Literally “will have in the womb”
2. A quotation from Isa 7:14
3. An allusion to Isa 8:8, 10 in the Greek OT (LXX)

²⁴ And Joseph, when he¹ woke up from sleep, did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and he took his wife

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“woke up”) which is understood as temporal

²⁵ and ⌞did not have sexual relations with⌟¹ her until she gave birth to a son. And he called his name Jesus.

1. Literally “did not know”

Wise Men Visit Jesus

¹ Now after¹ Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the east came to Jerusalem,

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was born”)

² saying, “Where is the one who has been born king of the Jews? For we have seen his star at its rising¹ and have come to worship him.”

1. Or, “when it rose”; traditionally rendered “in the east” by many English versions

³ And when¹ King Herod heard it,² he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴ and after¹ calling together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired from them where the Christ was to be born.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“calling together”) which is understood as temporal

⁵ So they said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet,

⁶ ‘And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah, for from you will go out a ruler who will shepherd my people Israel.’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Mic 5:2

⁷ Then Herod secretly summoned the wise men and¹ determined precisely from them the time when² the star appeared.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“summoned”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“appeared”)

⁸ And he sent them to Bethlehem and¹ said, “Go, inquire carefully concerning the child, and when you have found him, report to me so that I also may come and² worship him.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“may come”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁹ After¹ they listened to the king, they went out, and behold, the star which they had seen at its rising² led them until it came and³ stood above the place where the child was.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“listened to”) which is understood as temporal
2. Or, “when it rose”; traditionally rendered “in the east” by many English versions
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁰ Now when they¹ saw the star, they rejoiced with very great joy.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

¹¹ And when they¹ came into the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother, and they fell down and² worshiped him. And opening their treasure boxes, they offered him gifts of gold and frankincense and myrrh.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“fell down”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹² And being warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they went back to their own country by another route.

Joseph, Mary, and Jesus Escape to Egypt

¹³ Now after they had gone away, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph, saying, “Get up, take the child and his mother and flee to Egypt, and stay there until I tell you. For Herod is about to seek the child to destroy him.”

¹⁴ So he got up and¹ took the child and his mother during the night and went away to Egypt.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“got up”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁵ And he was there until the death of Herod, in order that what was said by the Lord through the prophet would be fulfilled, saying, “Out of Egypt I called my son.”

Herod Has Innocent Children Murdered

¹⁶ Then Herod, when he¹ saw that he had been deceived by the wise men, became very angry, and he sent soldiers² and³ executed all the children in Bethlehem and in all the region around it from the age of two years old and under, according to the time which he had determined precisely from the wise men.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁷ Then what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled, saying,

¹⁸ “A voice was heard in Ramah, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and she did not want to be comforted, because ⌞they exist no longer⌟¹.”²

1. Literally “they are not”
2. A quotation from Jer 31:15

Joseph, Mary, and Jesus Return to Nazareth

¹⁹ Now after¹ Herod had died, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt,

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had died”)

²⁰ saying, “Get up, take the child and his mother and go to the land of Israel, for those who were seeking the life of the child are dead.”

²¹ So he got up and¹ took the child and his mother and ⌞entered⌟² the land of Israel.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“got up”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “entered into”

²² But when he¹ heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there, and being warned in a dream, he took refuge in the regions of Galilee.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal

²³ And he came and¹ lived in a town called Nazareth, in order that what was said by the prophets would be fulfilled:² “He will be called a Nazarene.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “that”; the conjunction could be understood (1) to introduce a direct quotation, serving a function similar to modern English quotation marks, and thus not translated; or (2) to introduce an indirect quotation, in which case it could be translated “that he would be called a Nazarene”

John the Baptist Begins His Ministry

¹ Now in those days John the Baptist came preaching in the Judean wilderness

² and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near!”

³ For this is the one who was spoken about by the prophet Isaiah, saying, “The voice of one crying out in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Isa 40:3

⁴ Now John himself had his clothing made from camel’s hair and a belt made of leather around his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey.

⁵ Then Jerusalem and all Judea and all the district around the Jordan were going out to him,

⁶ and they were being baptized by him in the Jordan River as they¹ confessed their sins.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“confessed”) which is understood as temporal

⁷ But when he¹ saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “Offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath?

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

⁸ Therefore produce fruit worthy of repentance!

⁹ And do not think to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as father.’ For I say to you that God is able to raise up children for Abraham from these stones!

¹⁰ Already now the ax is positioned at the root of the trees; therefore every tree not producing good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.

¹¹ I baptize you with water for repentance, but the one who comes after me is more powerful than I am, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.

¹² His winnowing shovel is in his hand, and he will clean out his threshing floor and will gather his wheat into the storehouse, but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

The Baptism of Jesus

¹³ Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to John in order to be baptized by him.

¹⁴ But John tried to prevent¹ him, saying, “⌞I need⌟² to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?”

1. *The imperfect verb is understood as conative (“tried to”)
2. Literally “I have need”

¹⁵ But Jesus answered and¹ said to him, “Permit it now, for in this way it is right for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he permitted him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁶ Now after he¹ was baptized, Jesus immediately went up from the water, and behold, the heavens opened² and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove coming³ upon him.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was baptized”) which is understood as temporal
2. Some manuscripts have “opened to him”
3. Some manuscripts have “and coming”

¹⁷ And behold, there was¹ a voice from heaven saying, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”

1. The words “there was” are not in the Greek text, but are supplied to make a complete sentence in English

The Temptation of Jesus

¹ Then Jesus was led up into the wilderness by the Spirit to be tempted by the devil,

² and after he¹ had fasted forty days and forty nights, then he was hungry.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had fasted”) which is understood as temporal

³ And the tempter approached and¹ said to him, “If you are the Son of God, order that these stones become bread.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴ But he answered and¹ said, “It is written, ‘Man will not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes out of the mouth of God.”²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. A quotation from Deut 8:3

⁵ Then the devil took him to the holy city¹ and placed him on the highest point of the temple

1. That is, Jerusalem

⁶ and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down! For it is written, ‘He will command his angels concerning you,’¹ and ‘On their hands they will lift you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone.’ ”²

1. A quotation from Ps 91:11
2. A quotation from Ps 91:12

⁷ Jesus said to him, “On the other hand it is written, ‘You are not to put the Lord your God to the test.’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Deut 6:16

⁸ Again the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory,

⁹ and he said to him, “I will give to you all these things, if you will fall down and¹ worship me.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“will fall down”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁰ Then Jesus said to him, “Go away, Satan, for it is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and serve only him.’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Deut 6:13

¹¹ Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and began ministering to him.

Public Ministry in Galilee

¹² Now when he¹ heard that John ⌞had been arrested⌟,² he withdrew into Galilee.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “had been handed over”

¹³ And leaving Nazareth, he went and¹ lived in Capernaum by the sea, in the region of Zebulun and Naphtali,

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁴ in order that what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, who said,

¹⁵ “Land of Zebulun and land of Naphtali, ⌞toward the sea⌟,¹ on the other side of the Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles²—

1. Literally “the way of the sea”
2. Or “nations”; the same Greek word can be translated “nations” or “Gentiles” depending on the context

¹⁶ the people who sit in darkness have seen a great light, and the ones who sit in the land and shadow of death, a light has dawned on them.”¹

1. A quotation from Isa 9:1

¹⁷ From that time on, Jesus began to preach and to say, “Repent, because the kingdom of heaven is near.”

Jesus Calls His First Disciples

¹⁸ Now as he¹ was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon called Peter and his brother Andrew, throwing a casting net into the sea (for they were fishermen).

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was walking”) which is understood as temporal

¹⁹ And he said to them, “⌞Follow me⌟¹ and I will make you fishers of people.”

1. Literally “come behind me”

²⁰ And immediately they left their nets and¹ followed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb

²¹ And going on from there, he saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee and his brother John, in the boat with their father Zebedee, mending their nets, and he called them.

²² And immediately they left the boat and their father and¹ followed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb

Teaching, Preaching, and Healing throughout Galilee

²³ And he went around through all of Galilee, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the good news of the kingdom and healing every disease and every sickness among the people.

²⁴ And a report about him went out ⌞throughout⌟¹ Syria, and they brought to him all those ⌞who were sick⌟² with various diseases and afflicted by torments, demon-possessed³ and epileptics and paralytics, and he healed them.

1. Literally “in the whole of”
2. Literally “having badly”
3. Some manuscripts have “and demon-possessed”

²⁵ And large crowds followed him from Galilee, Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and from the other side of the Jordan.

The Sermon on the Mount: The Beatitudes

¹ Now when he¹ saw the crowds, he went up the mountain and after he² sat down, his disciples approached him.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“sat down”) which is understood as temporal

² And opening his mouth he began to teach them, saying,

³ “Blessed are the poor in spirit, because theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

⁴ Blessed are the ones who mourn, because they will be comforted.

⁵ Blessed are the meek, because they will inherit the earth.

⁶ Blessed are the ones who hunger and thirst for righteousness, because they will be satisfied.

⁷ Blessed are the merciful, because they will be shown mercy.

⁸ Blessed are the pure in heart, because they will see God.

⁹ Blessed are the peacemakers, because they will be called sons of God.

¹⁰ Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, because theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

¹¹ Blessed are you when they insult you and persecute you and say all kinds of evil things against you, lying on account of me.

¹² Rejoice and be glad, because your reward is great in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets before you.

The Sermon on the Mount: Salt and Light

¹³ “You are the salt of the earth. But if salt becomes tasteless, by what will it be made salty? It is good for nothing any longer except to be thrown outside and¹ trampled under foot by people.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“thrown”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁴ You are the light of the world. A city located on top of a hill cannot be hidden,

¹⁵ nor do they light a lamp and place it under a basket, but on a lampstand, and it shines on all those in the house.

¹⁶ In the same way let your light shine before people, so that they can see your good works and glorify your Father who is in heaven.

The Sermon on the Mount: The Law and the Prophets Fulfilled

¹⁷ “Do not think that I have come to destroy the law or the prophets. I have not come to destroy them but to fulfill them.

¹⁸ For truly I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not one tiny letter or one stroke of a letter will pass away from the law until all takes place.

¹⁹ Therefore whoever abolishes one of the least of these commandments and teaches people to do so will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever keeps them and teaches them, this person will be called great in the kingdom of heaven.

²⁰ For I say to you that unless your righteousness greatly surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will never enter into the kingdom of heaven.

The Sermon on the Mount: Anger Toward Others

²¹ “You have heard that it was said to the ⌞people of old⌟,¹ ‘Do not commit murder,’² and ‘whoever commits murder will be subject to judgment.’

1. Literally “ancients”
2. A quotation from Exod 20:13; Deut 5:17

²² But I say to you that everyone who is angry at his brother will be subject to judgment, and whoever says to his brother, ‘Stupid fool!’¹ will be subject to the council, and whoever says, ‘Obstinate fool!’² will be subject to fiery hell.

1. Greek “Raca,” a term of verbal abuse involving lack of intelligence
2. Perhaps with the idea of obstinate, godless foolishness; some take the word to be a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew word for “rebel” (Deut 21:18, 20)

²³ Therefore if you present your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you,

²⁴ leave your gift there before the altar and first go be reconciled to your brother, and then come and¹ present your gift.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“come”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁵ ⌞Settle the case quickly with your accuser⌟¹ while you are with him on the way, lest your accuser hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the officer, and you be thrown into prison.

1. Literally “be making friends quickly with your accuser”

²⁶ Truly I say to you, you will never come out of there until you have paid back the last penny!

The Sermon on the Mount: Adultery and Lust

²⁷ “You have heard that it was said, ‘Do not commit adultery.’¹

1. A quotation from Exod 20:14; Deut 5:17

²⁸ But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.

²⁹ And if your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it from you! For it is better for you that one of your members be destroyed than your whole body be thrown into hell.

³⁰ And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it from you! For it is better for you that one of your limbs be destroyed than your whole body go into hell.

The Sermon on the Mount: Divorce

³¹ “And it was said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.’¹

1. A quotation from Deut 24:1

³² But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except for a matter of sexual immorality, causes her to commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

The Sermon on the Mount: Taking Oaths

³³ “Again you have heard that it was said to the ⌞people of old⌟,¹ ‘Do not swear falsely,² but fulfill your oaths to the Lord.’³

1. Literally “ancients”
2. Or “do not break your oath”
3. A quotation from Lev 19:12

³⁴ But I say to you, do not swear at all, either by heaven, because it is the throne of God,

³⁵ or by the earth, because it is the footstool of his feet, or by Jerusalem, because it is the city of the great king.

³⁶ And do not swear by your head, because you are not able to make one hair white or black.

³⁷ But let your statement be ‘Yes, yes; no, no,’ and anything beyond these is from the evil one.¹

1. Or “is of evil”

The Sermon on the Mount: Retaliation

³⁸ “You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’¹

1. A quotation from Exod 21:24; Lev 24:20

³⁹ But I say to you, do not resist the evildoer, but whoever strikes you on the right cheek,¹ turn the other to him also.

1. Some manuscripts have “your right cheek”

⁴⁰ And the one who wants to go to court with you and take your tunic, ⌞let him have⌟¹ your outer garment also.

1. Literally “leave to him”

⁴¹ And whoever forces you to go one mile,¹ go with him two.

1. A Roman mile was originally a thousand paces, but was later fixed at eight stades (1,478.5 meters)

⁴² Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.

The Sermon on the Mount: Love for Enemies

⁴³ “You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’¹ and ‘Hate your enemy.’²

1. A quotation from Lev 19:18
2. An allusion to Deut 23:3–6

⁴⁴ But I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,

⁴⁵ in order that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven, because he causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and he sends rain on the just and the unjust.

⁴⁶ For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not the tax collectors also do the same?

⁴⁷ And if you greet only your brothers, what are you doing that is remarkable? Do not the Gentiles also do the same?

⁴⁸ Therefore you be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect.

The Sermon on the Mount: Charitable Giving

¹ “And take care not to practice your righteousness before people to be seen by them; ⌞otherwise⌟¹ you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven.

1. Literally “but if not”

² Therefore whenever you practice charitable giving, do not sound a trumpet in front of you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, in order that they may be praised by people. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward in full!

³ But you, when you¹ practice charitable giving, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“practice”) which is understood as temporal

⁴ in order that your charitable giving may be in secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you.

The Sermon on the Mount: How to Pray

⁵ And whenever you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, because they love to stand and¹ pray in the synagogues and on the corners of the streets, in order that they may be seen by people. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward in full!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stand”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶ But whenever you pray, enter into your inner room and shut your door and¹ pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“shut”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁷ “But when you¹ pray, do not babble repetitiously like the pagans, for they think that because of their many words they will be heard.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“pray”) which is understood as temporal

⁸ Therefore do not be like them, for your Father knows ⌞what you need⌟¹ before you ask him.

1. Literally “of what you have need”

⁹ Therefore you pray in this way: “Our Father who is in heaven, may your name be treated as holy.

¹⁰ May your kingdom come, may your will be done on earth as it is in heaven.

¹¹ Give us today our daily bread,

¹² and forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.

¹³ And do not bring us into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one.¹

1. Or “evil”; most later Greek manuscripts add the phrase “for yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever, amen”

¹⁴ For if you forgive people their sins, your heavenly Father will also forgive you.

¹⁵ But if you do not forgive people, neither will your Father forgive your sins.

The Sermon on the Mount: How to Fast

¹⁶ “Whenever you fast, do not be sullen like the hypocrites, for they make their faces unrecognizable in order that they may be seen fasting by people. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward in full!

¹⁷ But when¹ you are fasting, ⌞put olive oil on your head⌟² and wash your face

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“fasting”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “anoint your head”

¹⁸ so that you will not be seen by people as fasting, but to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you.

The Sermon on the Mount: Treasure in Heaven

¹⁹ “Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and consuming insect¹ destroy and where thieves break in and steal,

1. Traditionally “rust,” but more likely in this context along with “moth” the term refers to “eating” by other types of insects or vermin

²⁰ but store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor consuming insect¹ destroy and where thieves do not break in or steal.

1. Traditionally “rust,” but more likely in this context along with “moth” the term refers to “eating” by other types of insects or vermin

²¹ For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

²² “The eye is the lamp of the body. Therefore if your eye is sincere, your whole body will be full of light.

²³ But if your eye is evil, your whole body will be dark. Therefore if the light in you is darkness, how great is the darkness!

²⁴ “No one is able to serve two masters. For either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted to one and despise the other. You are not able to serve God and money.¹

1. Traditionally transliterated from the Greek as “mammon”

The Sermon on the Mount: Anxiety

²⁵ “For this reason I say to you, do not be anxious for your life, what you will eat,¹ and not for your body, what you will wear. Is your life not more than food and your body more than clothing?

1. Some manuscripts add “or what you will drink”; other later manuscripts add “and what you will drink”

²⁶ Consider the birds of the sky, that they do not sow or reap or gather produce into barns, and your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not worth more than they are?

²⁷ And who among you, by¹ being anxious, is able to add one hour² to his life span?

1. *Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“being anxious”) which is understood as means
2. Or “cubit”

²⁸ And why are you anxious about clothing? Observe the lilies of the field, how they grow: they do not toil or spin,

²⁹ but I say to you that not even Solomon in all his glory was dressed like one of these.

³⁰ But if God dresses the grass of the field in this way, although it¹ is here today and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not do so much more for you, you of little faith?

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“is”) which is understood as concessive

³¹ Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What will we eat?’ or ‘What will we drink?’ or ‘What will we wear?,’

³² for the pagans seek after all these things. For your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things.

³³ But seek first his kingdom and righteousness,¹ and all these things will be added to you.

1. Some manuscripts have “the kingdom of God and his righteousness”

³⁴ Therefore do not be anxious for tomorrow, because tomorrow will be anxious for itself. ⌞Each day has enough trouble of its own.⌟¹

1. Literally “sufficient for the day its trouble”

The Sermon on the Mount: On Judging Others

¹ “Do not judge, so that you will not be judged.

² For by what judgment you judge, you will be judged, and by what measure you measure out, it will be measured out to you.

³ And why do you see the speck that is in your brother’s eye, but do not notice the beam of wood in your own eye?

⁴ Or how will you say to your brother, ‘Allow me to remove the speck from your eye,’ and behold, the beam of wood is in your own eye?

⁵ Hypocrite! First remove the beam of wood from your own eye and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye!

⁶ “Do not give what is holy to dogs, or throw your pearls in front of pigs, lest they trample them with their feet, and turn around and¹ tear you to pieces.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“turn around”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Sermon on the Mount: Ask, Seek, Knock

⁷ “Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and it will be opened for you.

⁸ For everyone who asks receives, and the one who seeks finds, and to the one who knocks it will be opened.

⁹ Or what man is there among you, if his son will ask him for bread, will give him a stone?

¹⁰ Or also if he will ask for a fish, will give him a snake?

¹¹ Therefore if you, although you¹ are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things to those who ask him?

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are”) which is understood as concessive

¹² Therefore in all things, whatever you want that people should do to you, thus also you do to them. For this is the law and the prophets.

The Sermon on the Mount: The Narrow Gate

¹³ “Enter through the narrow gate, because broad is the gate and spacious is the road that leads to destruction, and there are many who enter through it,

¹⁴ because narrow¹ is the gate and constricted is the road that leads to life, and there are few who find it!

1. Some manuscripts have “how narrow”

The Sermon on the Mount: Recognizing False Prophets

¹⁵ “Beware of false prophets who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inside are ravenous wolves.

¹⁶ You will recognize them by their fruits: they do not gather grapes from thorn bushes or figs from thistles, do they?¹

1. The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated by “do they”

¹⁷ In the same way, every good tree produces good fruit, but a bad tree produces bad fruit.

¹⁸ A good tree is not able to produce bad fruit, nor a bad tree to produce good fruit.

¹⁹ Every tree that does not produce good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire.

²⁰ As a result, you will recognize them by their fruits.

The Sermon on the Mount: False Followers

²¹ “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter into the kingdom of heaven, but the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven.

²² On that day many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and expel demons in your name, and perform many miracles in your name?’

²³ And then ⌞I will say to them plainly⌟,¹ ‘I never knew you. Depart from me, you who practice lawlessness!’

1. Literally “I will declare to them”

The Sermon on the Mount: Two Houses and Two Foundations

²⁴ “Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock.

²⁵ And the rain came down and the rivers came and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it did not collapse, because its foundation was laid on the rock.

²⁶ And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand.

²⁷ And the rain came down and the rivers came and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it collapsed, and its fall was great.”

The Sermon on the Mount: Response

²⁸ And it happened when Jesus finished these words the crowds were amazed at his teaching,

²⁹ because he was teaching them like one who had authority, and not like their scribes.

A Leper Cleansed

¹ And when¹ he came down from the mountain, large crowds followed him.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“came down”)

² And behold, a leper approached and¹ worshiped him, saying, “Lord, if you are willing, you are able to make me clean.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb

³ And extending his hand he touched him, saying, “I am willing, be clean.” And immediately his leprosy was cleansed.

⁴ And Jesus said to him, “See that you tell no one, but go, show yourself to the priest and offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony to them.”

A Centurion’s Slave Healed

⁵ Now when¹ he entered Capernaum, a centurion approached him, appealing to him

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“entered”)

⁶ and saying, “Lord, my slave¹ is lying paralyzed in my² house, terribly tormented!”

1. Traditionally “servant”; the Greek term here is one often used of a slave who was regarded with some degree of affection, possibly a personal servant (the parallel passage in Luke 7:7 uses the more common term for slave)
2. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁷ And he said to him, “I will come and¹ heal him.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“come”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁸ And the centurion answered and¹ said, “Lord, I am not worthy that you should come in under my roof. But only say the word and my slave will be healed.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁹ For I also am a man under authority who has soldiers under me, and I say to this one, ‘Go!’ and he goes, and to another one, ‘Come!’ and he comes, and to my slave, ‘Do this!’ and he does it¹.”

1. Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation (see the parallel in Luke 7:8).

¹⁰ Now when¹ Jesus heard this,² he was astonished, and said to those who were following him,³ “Truly I say to you, I have found such great faith with no one in Israel.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹¹ But I say to you that many will come from east and west and ⌞be seated at the banquet⌟¹ with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.

1. Literally “recline at table”

¹² But the sons of the kingdom will be thrown out into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!”

¹³ And Jesus said to the centurion, “Go, as you have believed it will be done for you.” And the slave¹ was healed at that hour.

1. Many later manuscripts have “his slave”

Many at Capernaum Are Healed

¹⁴ And when¹ Jesus came into Peter’s house, he saw his mother-in-law lying down and suffering with a fever.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

¹⁵ And he touched her hand and the fever left her, and she got up and began to serve him.

¹⁶ Now when it¹ was evening, they brought to him many who were demon-possessed, and he expelled the spirits with a word. And he healed all ⌞those who were sick⌟,²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)
2. Literally “those who were having badly”

¹⁷ in order that what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, who said, “He himself took away our sicknesses, and carried away our diseases.”¹

1. A quotation from Isa 53:4

Would-be Followers

¹⁸ Now when¹ Jesus saw many crowds² around him, he gave orders to depart to the other side.³

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. Some manuscripts have “a crowd”
3. That is, the other side of the Sea of Galilee

¹⁹ And a scribe approached and¹ said to him, “Teacher, I will follow you wherever you go!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁰ And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have dens and birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head.”

²¹ And another of the disciples¹ said to him, “Lord, allow me first to go and bury my father.”

1. Some manuscripts have “of his disciples”

²² But Jesus said to him, “Follow me, and leave the dead to bury their own dead!”

Calming of a Storm

²³ And as¹ he got into the boat, his disciples followed him.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“got”) which is understood as temporal

²⁴ And behold, a great storm arose on the sea, so that the boat was being inundated by the waves, but he himself was asleep.

²⁵ And they came and¹ woke him, saying, “Lord, save us!² We are perishing!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁶ And he said to them, “Why are you fearful, you of little faith?” Then he got up and¹ rebuked the winds and the sea and there was a great calm.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“got up”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁷ And the men were astonished, saying, “What sort of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him?”

Demon-possessed Gadarenes Healed

²⁸ And when¹ he came to the other side,² to the region of the Gadarenes,³ two demon-possessed men coming from among the tombs met him, very violent, so that no one was able to pass by along that road.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“came”)
2. That is, the other side of the Sea of Galilee
3. Many manuscripts read “Gergesenes”; others read “Gerasenes” (see Luke 8:26)

²⁹ And behold, they cried out, saying, “⌞What do you have to do with us⌟,¹ Son of God? Have you come here to torment us before the time?”²

1. Literally “what to us and to you”
2. That is, before the appointed time of judgment

³⁰ Now a long way from them a large herd of pigs was feeding.

³¹ So the demons implored him, saying, “If you are going to expel us, send us into the herd of pigs.”

³² And he said to them, “Go!” So they departed and¹ went into the pigs, and behold, the whole herd rushed headlong down the steep slope into the sea and drowned in the water.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“departed”) has been translated as a finite verb

³³ Now the herdsmen fled and went into the town and¹ reported everything, including the things concerning the demon-possessed men.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁴ And behold, the whole town came out to meet Jesus, and when they¹ saw him, they implored him² that he would depart from their region.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

A Paralytic Healed

¹ And getting into a boat, he crossed over and came to his own town.¹

1. A reference to Capernaum

² And behold, they brought to him a paralytic lying on a stretcher, and when¹ Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic, “Have courage, child, your sins are forgiven.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

³ And behold, some of the scribes said to themselves, “This man is blaspheming!”

⁴ And knowing¹ their thoughts, Jesus said, “Why do you think evil in your hearts?

1. Some manuscripts have “perceiving”

⁵ For which is easier to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Get up and walk’?

⁶ But in order that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins,” then he said to the paralytic, “Get up, pick up your stretcher and go to your home.”

⁷ And he got up and¹ went to his home.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“got up”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁸ But when¹ the crowds saw this,² they were afraid and glorified God who had given such authority to men.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Matthew Called to Follow Jesus

⁹ And as¹ Jesus was going away from there, he saw a man called Matthew sitting at the tax booth and said to him, “Follow me!” And he stood up and² followed him.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stood up”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁰ And it happened as¹ he ⌞was dining⌟² in the house, behold, many tax collectors and sinners were coming and³ ⌞dining⌟⁴ with Jesus and his disciples.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was dining”)
2. Literally “was reclining at table”
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“were coming”) has been translated as a finite verb
4. Literally “reclining at table”

¹¹ And when they¹ saw it,² the Pharisees began to say to his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹² And when he¹ heard it,² he said, “Those who are healthy do not have need of a physician, but those ⌞who are sick⌟.³

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Literally “having badly”

¹³ But go and¹ learn what it means, “I want mercy and not sacrifice.”² For I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. A quotation from Hos 6:6 (see also Matt 12:7)

On Fasting

¹⁴ Then the disciples of John¹ approached him, saying, “Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but your disciples do not fast?”

1. That is, John the Baptist

¹⁵ And Jesus said to them, “⌞The bridegroom’s attendants⌟¹ are not able to mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them. But days are coming when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast.

1. Literally “the sons of the bridal chamber”

¹⁶ But no one puts a patch of unshrunken cloth on an old garment, for its patch pulls away from the garment, and the tear becomes worse.

¹⁷ Nor do they put new wine into old wineskins. ⌞Otherwise⌟¹ the wineskins burst and the wine is spilled, and the wineskins are destroyed. But they put new wine into new wineskins and both are preserved.”

1. Literally “but if not”

A Woman Healed and a Daughter Raised

¹⁸ As¹ he was saying these things to them, behold, one of the rulers came and² knelt down before him, saying, “My daughter has just now died, but come, place your hand on her and she will live!”

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was saying”)
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁹ And Jesus and his disciples got up and¹ followed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“got up”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁰ And behold, a woman who had been suffering with a hemorrhage twelve years approached from behind and¹ touched the edge² of his cloak,

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Or “tassel”

²¹ for she said to herself, “If only I touch his cloak I will be healed.”

²² But Jesus, turning around and seeing her, said, “Have courage, daughter! Your faith has healed you.” And the woman was healed from that hour.

²³ And when¹ Jesus came into the ruler’s house and saw the flute players and the disorderly crowd,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

²⁴ he said, “Go away, because the girl is not dead, but is sleeping.” And they ridiculed him.

²⁵ But when the crowd had been sent out, he entered and¹ took her hand, and the girl got up.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“entered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁶ And this report went out into that whole region.

Two Blind Men Healed

²⁷ And as¹ Jesus was going away from there, two blind men followed him, crying out and saying, “Have mercy on us, Son of David!”

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“going away”) which is understood as temporal

²⁸ And when he¹ came into the house, the blind men approached him, and Jesus said to them, “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” They said to him, “Yes, Lord.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

²⁹ Then he touched their eyes, saying, “According to your faith let it be done for you.”

³⁰ And their eyes were opened, and Jesus sternly warned them, saying, “See that no one finds out.”

³¹ But they went out and¹ spread the report about him in that whole region.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb

A Demon Expelled

³² Now as¹ they were going away, behold, they brought to him a demon-possessed man who was unable to speak.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were going away”)

³³ And after¹ the demon had been expelled, the one who had been mute spoke, and the crowds were astonished, saying, “⌞This has never been seen before⌟² in Israel!”

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had been expelled”)
2. Literally “never has it been seen thus”

³⁴ But the Pharisees were saying,¹ “By the ruler of demons he expels the demons!”

1. Or “began to say”

A Plentiful Harvest But Few Workers

³⁵ And Jesus was going around all the towns and the villages, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the good news of the kingdom and healing every¹ disease and every² sickness.

1. Or “every kind of”
2. Or “every kind of”

³⁶ And when he¹ saw the crowds, he had compassion for them, because they were weary and dejected, like sheep that did not have a shepherd.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

³⁷ Then he said to his disciples, “The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few.

³⁸ Therefore ask the Lord of the harvest that he send out workers into his harvest.”

The Twelve Commissioned and Sent Out

¹ And summoning his twelve disciples, he gave them authority over unclean spirits, so that they could expel them¹ and could heal every² disease and every³ sickness.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. Or “every kind of”
3. Or “every kind of”

² Now these are the names of the twelve apostles: first Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, James¹ the son of Zebedee, and John his brother,

1. Some manuscripts have “and James”

³ Philip, and Bartholomew, Thomas, and Matthew the tax collector, James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus,

⁴ Simon the Zealot,¹ and Judas Iscariot—the one who also betrayed him.

1. Literally “the Cananean,” but according to BDAG 507 s.v., this term has no relation at all to the geographical terms for Cana or Canaan, but is derived from the Aramaic term for “enthusiast, zealot” (see Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13)

⁵ Jesus sent out these twelve, instructing them saying, “Do not go on the road to the Gentiles, and do not enter into a city of the Samaritans,

⁶ but go instead to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.

⁷ And as you¹ are going, preach, saying, ‘The kingdom of heaven has come near!’

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are going”) which is understood as temporal

⁸ Heal those who are sick, raise the dead, cleanse lepers, expel demons. Freely you have received; freely give.

⁹ Do not procure gold or silver or copper for your belts.

¹⁰ Do not take a traveler’s bag for the road, or two tunics, or sandals, or a staff, for the worker is deserving of his provisions.

¹¹ And into whatever town or village you enter, inquire who in it is worthy, and stay there until you depart.

¹² And when you¹ enter into the house, greet it.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“enter”) which is understood as temporal

¹³ And if the house is worthy, let your peace come upon it, but if it is not worthy, let your peace return to you.

¹⁴ And whoever does not welcome you or listen to your words, shake off the dust from your feet as you¹ are going out of that house or that² town.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are going”) which is understood as temporal
2. A repetition of “that” is supplied in English; the single Greek term is understood to modify both “house” and “town”

¹⁵ Truly I say to you, it will be more bearable for the region of Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town!

Persecution of Disciples Predicted

¹⁶ “Behold, I am sending you out like sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and innocent as doves.

¹⁷ But beware of people, because they will hand you over to councils, and they will flog you in their synagogues.

¹⁸ And you will be brought before both governors and kings because of me, for a witness to them and to the Gentiles.

¹⁹ But whenever they hand you over, do not be anxious how to speak¹ or what you should say, for what you should say will be given to you at that hour.

1. *Here “to speak” has been supplied for stylistic reasons, since “how to speak” is more natural in English than “how to say”; in Greek the same verb works with both expressions (“how or what you should say”) and also occurs again at the end of the verse

²⁰ For you are not the ones who are speaking, but the Spirit of your Father who is speaking through you.

²¹ “And brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his children, and children will rise up against parents and have them put to death,

²² and you will be hated by everyone because of my name. But the one who endures to the end—this one will be saved.

²³ And whenever they persecute you in this town, flee to another, for truly I say to you, you will never finish going through the towns of Israel until the Son of Man comes.

²⁴ “A disciple is not superior to his teacher, nor a slave superior to his master.

²⁵ It is enough for the disciple that he become like his teacher, and the slave like his master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebul, how much more the members of his household?

Fear God Rather Than People

²⁶ “Therefore do not be afraid of them, because nothing is hidden that will not be revealed, and nothing secret that will not become known.

²⁷ What I say to you in the dark, tell in the light, and what you hear in your ear, proclaim on the housetops.

²⁸ And do not be afraid of those who kill the body but are not able to kill the soul, but instead be afraid of the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.

²⁹ Are not two sparrows sold for a penny?¹ And one of them will not fall to the ground ⌞without the knowledge and consent⌟² of your Father.

1. Literally, “an assarion,” a Roman coin worth about 1/16 of a denarius
2. Literally “without”; the phrase “the knowledge and consent” is implied when this term is used of God

³⁰ And even the hairs of your head are all numbered!

³¹ Therefore do not be afraid; you are worth more than many sparrows.

³² “Therefore everyone who acknowledges me before people, I also will acknowledge him before my Father who is in heaven.

³³ But whoever denies me before people, I also will deny him before my Father who is in heaven.

Not Peace, But a Sword of Divisiveness

³⁴ “Do not think that I have come to bring peace on the earth! I have not come to bring peace, but a sword.

³⁵ For I have come to turn a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.

³⁶ And the enemies of a man will be the members of his household.¹

1. An allusion to Mic 7:6

³⁷ The one who loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me, and the one who loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me.

³⁸ And whoever does not take up his cross and follow me is not worthy of me.

³⁹ The one who finds his life will lose it, and the one who loses his life because of me will find it.

On Rewards

⁴⁰ “The one who receives you receives me, and the one who receives me receives the one who sent me.

⁴¹ The one who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward, and the one who receives a righteous person in the name of a righteous person will receive a righteous person’s reward.

⁴² And whoever gives one of these little ones only a cup of cold water to drink in the name of a disciple, truly I say to you, he will never lose his reward.”

A Question from John the Baptist

¹ And it happened that when Jesus had finished giving orders to his twelve disciples, he went on from there to teach and to preach in their towns.

² Now when¹ John² heard in prison the deeds of Christ, he sent word³ by his disciples

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. That is, John the Baptist
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³ and¹ said to him, “Are you the one who is to come, or should we look for another?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent” in the previous verse) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴ And Jesus answered and¹ said to them, “Go and² tell John what you hear and see:

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵ the blind receive sight and the lame walk, lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear, and the dead are raised, and the poor have good news announced to them.¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁶ And whoever is not offended by me is blessed.”

⁷ Now as¹ these were going away, Jesus began to speak to the crowds concerning John: “What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind?

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were going away”)

⁸ But what did you go out to see? A man dressed in soft clothing? Behold, those who wear soft clothing are in the houses of kings.

⁹ But why did you go out? To see a prophet?¹ Yes, I tell you, and even more than a prophet!

1. Some manuscripts have “But what did you go out to see? A prophet?”

¹⁰ It is this man about whom it is written: ‘Behold, I am sending my messenger before your face, who will prepare your way before you.’¹

1. A quotation from Mal 3:1; cf. Mark 1:2

¹¹ Truly I say to you, among those born of women there has not arisen one greater than John the Baptist. But the one who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.

¹² But from the days of John the Baptist until now, the kingdom of heaven is treated violently, and the violent claim¹ it.

1. Or “seize”

¹³ For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John,

¹⁴ and if you are willing to accept it,¹ he is Elijah, the one who is going to come.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁵ The one who has ears, let him hear!

¹⁶ “But to what shall I compare this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces who call out to one another,

¹⁷ saying, ‘We played the flute for you and you did not dance; we sang a lament and you did not mourn.’

¹⁸ For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon!’

¹⁹ The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Behold, a man who is a glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ But wisdom is vindicated by her deeds.”¹

1. Many Greek manuscripts, including most later ones, read “children”

Woes Pronounced on Unrepentant Towns

²⁰ Then he began to reproach the towns in which the majority of his miracles had been done, because they did not repent:

²¹ “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.

²² Nevertheless I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and for Sidon on the day of judgment than for you!

²³ And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? No, you will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until today.

²⁴ Nevertheless I tell you that it will be more bearable for the region of Sodom on the day of judgment than for you!”

A Yoke That Is Easy

²⁵ At that time Jesus answered and¹ said, “I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because you have hidden these things from the wise and intelligent, and have revealed them to young children.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Or perhaps “to the childlike,” or “to the innocent”

²⁶ Yes, Father, for to do so ⌞was your gracious will⌟.¹

1. Literally “was pleasing before you”

²⁷ All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and ⌞anyone to whom⌟¹ the Son wants to reveal him.²

1. Literally “to whomever”
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁸ Come to me, all of you who labor and are burdened, and I will give you rest.

²⁹ Take my yoke on you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.

³⁰ For my yoke is easy to carry and my burden is light.”

Plucking Grain on the Sabbath

¹ At that time Jesus went through the grain fields on the Sabbath. And his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck off heads of grain and eat them.¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

² But when¹ the Pharisees saw it,² they said to him, “Behold, your disciples are doing what it is not permitted to do on the Sabbath!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³ So he said to them, “Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those with him,

⁴ how he entered into the house of God and ate the bread of the presentation, which it was not permitted for him or for those with him to eat, but only for the priests?

⁵ Or have you not read in the law that on the Sabbath the priests in the temple violate the sanctity of the Sabbath and are guiltless?

⁶ But I tell you that something greater than the temple is here!

⁷ And if you had known what ⌞it means⌟,¹ ‘I want mercy and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.

1. Literally “it is”

⁸ For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”

A Man with a Withered Hand Healed

⁹ And going on from there he came into their synagogue.

¹⁰ And behold, there was a man who had a withered hand, and they asked him, saying, “Is it permitted to heal on the Sabbath?” in order that they could accuse him.

¹¹ But he said to them, “What man will there be among you who will have one sheep and if this one fell into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it¹ out?

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹² Then to what degree is a man worth more than a sheep? So then, it is permitted to do good on the Sabbath.”

¹³ Then he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand,” and he stretched it¹ out, and it was restored as healthy as the other one.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁴ But the Pharisees went out ⌞and plotted⌟¹ against him in order that they could destroy him.

1. Literally “taking counsel”

God’s Chosen Servant

¹⁵ Now Jesus, when he¹ learned of it,² withdrew from there, and many³ followed him, and he healed them all.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“learned”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Some manuscripts have “many crowds”

¹⁶ And he warned them that they should not ⌞reveal his identity⌟,¹

1. Literally “make him known”

¹⁷ in order that what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah would be fulfilled, who said,

¹⁸ “Behold my servant whom I have chosen, my beloved in whom my soul is well pleased. I will put my Spirit on him, and he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles.

¹⁹ He will not quarrel or cry out, nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets.

²⁰ A crushed reed he will not break, and a smoldering wick he will not extinguish, until he brings justice to victory.

²¹ And in his name the Gentiles¹ will hope.²

1. Or “the nations”; the same Greek word (in the plural) can be translated as “nations,” “Gentiles,” or “pagans”
2. Verses 18–21 are a quotation from Isa 42:1–4

A House Divided Cannot Stand

²² Then a demon-possessed man who was blind and mute was brought to him. And he healed him so that the man who was mute could speak and see.

²³ And all the crowds were amazed and began saying, “Perhaps this one is the Son of David!”

²⁴ But the Pharisees, when they¹ heard it,² said, “This man does not expel demons except by Beelzebul the ruler of demons!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ But knowing their thoughts, he said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and every city or household divided against itself will not stand.

²⁶ And if Satan expels Satan, he is divided against himself. How then will his kingdom stand?

²⁷ And if I expel demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons expel them?¹ For this reason they will be your judges!

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁸ But if I expel demons by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you!

²⁹ Or how can someone enter into the house of a strong man and steal his property, unless he first ties up the strong man? And then he can thoroughly plunder his house.

³⁰ The one who is not with me is against me, and the one who does not gather with me scatters.

³¹ For this reason I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven people, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven!

³² And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him. But whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him either in this age or in the coming one!

Good Trees and Good Fruit or Bad Trees and Bad Fruit

³³ “Either make the tree good and its fruit is good, or make the tree bad and its fruit is bad, for the tree is known by its fruit.

³⁴ Offspring of vipers! How are you able to say good things when you¹ are evil? For from the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are”) which is understood as temporal

³⁵ The good person from his¹ good treasury brings out good things, and the evil person from his² evil treasury brings out evil things.

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

³⁶ But I tell you that every worthless word that they speak, people will give an account for it on the day of judgment!

³⁷ For by your words you will be vindicated, and by your words you will be condemned.”

The Sign of Jonah

³⁸ Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered him saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from you!”

³⁹ But he answered and¹ said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation desires a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴⁰ For just as Jonah was in the belly of the huge fish three days and three nights, so the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights.

⁴¹ The people of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because they repented at the proclamation of Jonah, and behold, something¹ greater than Jonah is here!

1. *Here “something” is supplied in the translation because the adjective is neuter gender

⁴² The queen of the south will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something¹ greater than Solomon is here!

1. *Here “something” is supplied in the translation because the adjective is neuter gender

An Unclean Spirit Returns

⁴³ “Now whenever an unclean spirit has gone out of a person, it travels through waterless places searching for rest, and does not find it.¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁴ Then it says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came out.’ And when it¹ arrives it finds the house² unoccupied and swept and put in order.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arrives”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁵ Then it goes and brings along with itself seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they go in and¹ live there. And the last state of that person becomes worse than the first. So it will be for this evil generation also!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go in”) has been translated as a finite verb

Jesus’ Mother and Brothers

⁴⁶ And¹ while² he was still speaking to the crowds, behold, his mother and brothers were standing there outside, desiring to speak to him.

1. Some manuscripts omit “And”
2. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“speaking”)

⁴⁷ And someone told him, “Behold, your mother and your brothers are standing there outside desiring to speak to you.”

⁴⁸ But he answered and¹ said to the one who told him, “Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴⁹ And stretching out his hand toward his disciples, he said, “Behold my mother and my brothers!

⁵⁰ For whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother and sister and mother.”

The Parable of the Sower

¹ On that day Jesus went out of the house and¹ was sitting by the sea.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. That is, the Sea of Galilee

² And large crowds gathered close around him, so that he got into a boat to sit down, and all the crowd was standing on the shore.

³ And he spoke many things to them in parables, saying, “Behold, the sower went out to sow,

⁴ and while he was sowing, ⌞some seed⌟¹ fell on the side of the path, and the birds came and² devoured it.

1. Literally “some of which”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵ And other seed fell on the rocky ground, where it did not have much soil, and it sprang up at once because it did not have any depth of soil.

⁶ But when¹ the sun rose it was scorched, and because it did not have enough root, it withered.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“rose”)

⁷ And other seed fell among the thorn plants, and the thorn plants came up and choked it.

⁸ But other seed fell on the good soil and produced grain,¹ this one a hundred times as much and this one sixty and this one thirty.

1. Literally “fruit,” describing here the grain harvested from the healthy plants; in contemporary English this would more naturally be expressed by terms like “grain” or “crop”

⁹ The one who has ears, let him hear!”

The Reason for the Parables

¹⁰ And the disciples came up and¹ said to him, “⌞Why⌟² do you speak to them in parables?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “because of what”

¹¹ And he answered and¹ said to them, “To you it has been granted to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to those people it has not been granted.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹² For whoever has, to him more will be given, and he will have an abundance. But whoever does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.

¹³ For this reason I speak to them in parables, because seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, nor do they understand,

¹⁴ and with reference to them the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled that says, “⌞You will listen carefully⌟¹ and will never understand, and ⌞you will look closely⌟² and will never perceive.

1. Literally “with hearing you will hear”
2. Literally “seeing you will see”

¹⁵ For the heart of this people has become dull, and with their ears they hear with difficulty, and they have shut their eyes, so that they would not see with their eyes and hear with their ears and understand with their heart and turn, and I would heal them.”¹

1. A quotation from Isa 6:9–10

¹⁶ But your eyes are blessed because they see, and your ears because they hear.

¹⁷ For truly I say to you that many prophets and righteous people longed to see what you see, and did not see it,¹ and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it!²

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Parable of the Sower Interpreted

¹⁸ “You, therefore, listen to the parable of the sower:

¹⁹ When¹ anyone hears the word about the kingdom and does not understand it,² the evil one comes and snatches away what was sown in his heart. This is what was sown on the side of the path.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“hears”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁰ And what was sown on the rocky ground—this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy.

²¹ But he does not have a root in himself, but ⌞lasts only a little while⌟,¹ and when² affliction or persecution happens because of the word, immediately he falls away.

1. Literally “is temporary”
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“happens”)

²² And what was sown into the thorn plants—this is the one who hears the word, and the anxiety of this world¹ and the deceitfulness of wealth choke the word and it becomes unproductive.

1. Some manuscripts have “of the world”

²³ But what was sown on the good soil—this is the one who hears the word and understands it,¹ who indeed bears fruit and produces, this one a hundred times as much, and this one sixty, and this one thirty.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Parable of the Weeds Among the Wheat

²⁴ He put before them another parable, saying, “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field.

²⁵ But while his¹ people were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed darnel² in the midst of the wheat and went away.

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. A weed that looks similar to wheat but has poisonous seeds

²⁶ So when the ⌞wheat⌟¹ sprouted and yielded grain, then the darnel appeared also.

1. Literally “grass,” “hay,” but in this context referring to the good plants as opposed to the weeds

²⁷ So the slaves of the master of the house came and¹ said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have darnel?’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁸ And he said to them, ‘An enemy has done this!’ So the slaves said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and¹ gather them?’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as an English infinitive

²⁹ But he said, “No, lest when you¹ gather the darnel you uproot the wheat together with it.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“gather”) which is understood as temporal

³⁰ Let both grow together until the harvest, and at the season of the harvest I will tell the reapers, “First gather the darnel and tie it into bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my storehouse.” ’ ”

The Parable of the Mustard Seed

³¹ He put before them another parable, saying, “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed that a man took and¹ sowed in his field.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

³² ⌞It⌟¹ is the smallest of all the seeds, but when it is grown it is larger than the garden herbs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the sky come and nest in its branches.”

1. Literally “which,” but a new sentence is started here in the English translation

The Parable of the Yeast

³³ He told them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a woman took and¹ put into three measures of wheat flour until the whole batch was leavened.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

Parables Fulfill Prophecy

³⁴ Jesus spoke all these things to the crowds in parables, and he was saying nothing to them without a parable,

³⁵ in order that what was spoken through the prophet would be fulfilled, who said, “I will open my mouth in parables; I will proclaim what has been hidden since the creation.”¹²

1. A quotation from Ps 78:2
2. Some manuscripts have “since the creation of the world”

The Parable of the Weeds Interpreted

³⁶ Then he left the crowds and¹ came into the house, and his disciples came to him saying, “Explain the parable of the darnel in the field to us.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁷ So he answered and¹ said, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man,

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁸ and the field is the world. And the good seed—these are the sons of the kingdom, but the darnel are the sons of the evil one.

³⁹ And the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels.

⁴⁰ Thus just as the darnel is gathered and burned¹ with fire, so it will be at the end of the age.

1. Some manuscripts have “burned up”

⁴¹ The Son of Man will send out his angels and they will gather out of his kingdom all the causes of sin and those who do lawless deeds,

⁴² and throw them into the fiery furnace.¹ In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!

1. An allusion to Dan 3:6

⁴³ Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father.¹ The one who has ears, let him hear!

1. An allusion to Dan 12:3

The Parable of the Treasure Hidden in a Field

⁴⁴ “The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field, that a man found and¹ concealed, and in his joy he goes and sells everything that he has and buys that field.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“found”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Parable of the Valuable Pearl

⁴⁵ “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant searching for fine pearls.

⁴⁶ And when he¹ found one very valuable pearl, he went and² sold everything that he possessed and purchased it.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“found”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Parable of the Dragnet

⁴⁷ “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a dragnet that was thrown into the sea and gathered fish¹ of every kind,

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁸ which when it was filled they pulled to shore and sat down and¹ collected the good fish² into containers, but the bad they threw out.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sat down”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the word “fish” is not in the Greek text but is implied

⁴⁹ Thus it will be at the end of the age. The angels will go out and separate the evil from among the righteous

⁵⁰ and throw them into the fiery furnace.¹ In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!

1. An allusion to Dan 3:6

⁵¹ “Have you understood all these things?” They said to him, “Yes.”

⁵² And he said to them, “For this reason every scribe who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like the master of the house who brings out of his storeroom new things and old things.”

Rejected at Nazareth

⁵³ And it happened that when Jesus had finished these parables he went away from there.

⁵⁴ And he came to his hometown and¹ began to teach² them in their synagogue, so that they were amazed and said, “From where did this man get this wisdom and these miracles?

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to teach”)

⁵⁵ Is not this one the son of the carpenter? Is not his mother called Mary and his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas?

⁵⁶ And are not all his sisters with us? From where then did this man get all these things?”

⁵⁷ And they were offended by him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own hometown and in his own household.”

⁵⁸ And he did not perform many miracles in that place because of their unbelief.

Herod Kills John the Baptist

¹ At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the report about Jesus

² and he said to his servants, “This is John the Baptist! He has been raised from the dead, and for this reason miraculous powers are at work in him.”

³ For Herod, after¹ arresting John, bound him and put him² in prison on account of Herodias, the wife of his brother Philip,

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arresting”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴ because John had been saying to him, “It is not permitted for you to have her.”

⁵ And although he¹ wanted to kill him, he feared the crowd, because they looked upon him as a prophet.

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“wanted”) which is understood as concessive

⁶ But when¹ Herod’s birthday celebration took place, the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst of them and pleased Herod.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“took place”) which is understood as temporal

⁷ Therefore he promised with an oath to give her whatever she asked.

⁸ And coached by her mother, she said, “Give me the head of John the Baptist here on a platter!”

⁹ And although¹ the king was distressed, because of his oaths and his ⌞dinner guests⌟² he commanded the request³ to be granted.

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was distressed”) which is understood as concessive
2. Literally “those reclining at table with”
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁰ And he sent orders¹ and² had John beheaded in the prison,

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹¹ and his head was brought on a platter and given to the girl, and she brought it¹ to her mother.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹² And his disciples came and¹ took away the corpse and buried it, and went and² told Jesus.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Feeding of Five Thousand

¹³ Now when¹ Jesus heard it,² he withdrew from there in a boat to an isolated place by himself. And when³ the crowds heard it,⁴ they followed him by land from the towns.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁴ And as he¹ got out, he saw the large crowd and had compassion on them and healed their sick.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“got out”) which is understood as temporal

¹⁵ Now when it¹ was evening, the disciples came to him saying, “The place is desolate and the hour ⌞is late⌟.² Release the crowds so that they can go away into the villages and³ purchase food for themselves.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)
2. Literally “has passed away”
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go away”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁶ But Jesus said to them, “They do not ⌞need⌟¹ to go away. You give them something² to eat.”

1. Literally “have need”
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁷ And they said to him, “We do not have anything¹ here except five loaves and two fish.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁸ So he said, “Bring them here to me.”

¹⁹ And he commanded the crowds to recline for a meal on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and¹ looking up to heaven, he gave thanks. And after² breaking them,³ he gave the loaves to the disciples, and the disciples gave them⁴ to the crowds.

1. *Here “and” has been supplied in the English translation for stylistic reasons
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“breaking”) which is understood as temporal
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
4. *“gave them” is an implied repetition of the earlier verb

²⁰ And they all ate and were satisfied, and they picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, twelve baskets full.

²¹ Now those who ate were about five thousand men, in addition to women and children.

Jesus Walks on the Water

²² And immediately he made the disciples get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side, while he sent away the crowds.

²³ And after he¹ sent away the crowds, he went up on the mountain by himself to pray. So when² evening came, he was there alone.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“sent away”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“came”)

²⁴ But the boat was already many stadia distant from the land, being beaten by the waves, because the wind was against it.

²⁵ And in the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea.

²⁶ But the disciples, when they¹ saw him walking on the sea, were terrified, saying, “It is a ghost!” and they cried out in fear.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

²⁷ But immediately Jesus spoke to them, saying, “Have courage, I am he! Do not be afraid!”

²⁸ And Peter answered him and¹ said, “Lord, if ⌞it is you⌟,² command me to come to you on the water!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “you are” he

²⁹ So he said, “Come!” And getting out of the boat, Peter walked on the water and came toward Jesus.

³⁰ But when he¹ saw the strong wind, he was afraid. And beginning to sink, he cried out, saying, “Lord, save me!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

³¹ And immediately Jesus extended his¹ hand and² caught him and said to him, “You of little faith! Why did you doubt?”

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“extended”) has been translated as a finite verb

³² And when¹ they got into the boat, the wind abated.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“got”)

³³ So those in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God!”

Many Healed at Gennesaret

³⁴ And after they¹ had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had crossed over”) which is understood as temporal

³⁵ And when¹ the men of that place recognized him, they sent word into that whole surrounding region, and they brought to him all those ⌞who were sick⌟.²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“recognized”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “having badly”

³⁶ And they were imploring him that they might only touch the edge¹ of his cloak, and all those who touched it² were cured.

1. Or “tassel”
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Human Traditions and God’s Commandments

¹ Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem, saying,

² “Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat ⌞a meal⌟.”¹

1. Literally “bread”

³ So he answered and¹ said to them, “Why do you also break the commandment of God because of your tradition?

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴ For God said, ‘Honor your¹ father and your² mother,’³ and ‘The one who speaks evil of father or mother ⌞must certainly die⌟⁴.’⁵

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
3. A quotation from Exod 20:12; Deut 5:16
4. Literally “let him die the death”
5. A quotation from Exod 21:17; Lev 20:9

⁵ But you say, ‘Whoever says to his¹ father or his² mother, “Whatever ⌞benefit you would have received⌟³ from me is a gift to God,”

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
3. Literally “you would have been benefited”

⁶ need not honor his father,’¹ and you make void the word of God for the sake of your tradition.

1. Most later manuscripts add “or his mother”

⁷ Hypocrites! Isaiah correctly prophesied about you saying,

⁸ ‘This people honors me with their¹ lips, but their heart is far, far away from me,

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁹ and they worship me in vain, teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Isa 29:13

Defilement from Within

¹⁰ And summoning the crowd, he said to them, “Hear and understand:

¹¹ It is not what goes into the mouth that defiles a person, but what comes out of the mouth—this defiles a person.”

¹² Then the disciples came and¹ said to him, “Do you know that the Pharisees were offended when they² heard this saying?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal

¹³ And he answered and¹ said, “Every plant that my heavenly Father did not plant will be uprooted.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁴ Let¹ them! They are blind guides of the blind. And if the blind guide the blind, both will fall into a pit.”

1. Or “Depart from”

¹⁵ But Peter answered and¹ said to him, “Explain this parable to us.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁶ But he said, “Are you also still without understanding?

¹⁷ Do you not understand that everything that enters into the mouth goes into the stomach and is evacuated into the latrine?

¹⁸ But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these defile the person.

¹⁹ For from the heart come evil plans, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, abusive speech.

²⁰ These are the things that defile a person. But eating with unwashed hands does not defile a person!”

A Canaanite Woman’s Great Faith

²¹ And departing from there, Jesus went away to the region of Tyre and Sidon.

²² And behold, a Canaanite woman from that district came and cried out, saying, “Have mercy on me, Lord, Son of David! My daughter is severely possessed by a demon!”

²³ But he did not answer her a word. And his disciples came up and¹ asked him, saying, “Send her away, because she is crying out after us!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁴ But he answered and¹ said, “I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁵ But she came and¹ knelt down before him, saying, “Lord, help me!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁶ And he answered and¹ said, “It is not right to take the children’s bread and throw it² to the dogs!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁷ So she said, “Yes, Lord, for even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their master’s table.”

²⁸ Then Jesus answered and said to her, “O woman, your faith is great! Let it be done for you as you want.” And her daughter was healed from that hour.

Many Others Healed in Galilee

²⁹ And departing from there, Jesus went along the Sea of Galilee, and he went up on the mountain and¹ was sitting there.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went up”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁰ And large crowds came to him, having with them the mute, blind, lame, crippled,¹ and many others, and they put them down at his feet, and he healed them.

1. Some manuscripts have “the lame, blind, crippled, mute”

³¹ So then the crowd was astonished when they¹ saw the mute speaking, the crippled healthy, and the lame walking, and the blind seeing, and they praised the God of Israel.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

The Feeding of Four Thousand

³² And Jesus summoned his disciples and¹ said, “I have compassion on the crowd, because they have remained with me three days already and do not have anything to eat, and I do not want to send them away hungry lest they give out on the way.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“summoned”) has been translated as a finite verb

³³ And the disciples said to him, “Where in this desolate place ⌞can we get⌟¹ so much bread that such a great crowd could be satisfied?”

1. Literally “for us”

³⁴ And Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” So they said, “Seven, and a few little fish.”

³⁵ And commanding the crowd to recline for a meal on the ground,

³⁶ he took the seven loaves and the fish and after he¹ had given thanks, he broke them² and began giving³ them⁴ to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the crowds.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had given thanks”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began giving”)
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁷ And they all ate and were satisfied, and they picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, seven baskets full.

³⁸ Now those who ate were four thousand men, in addition to women and children.

³⁹ And after he¹ sent away the crowds, he got into the boat and went to the region of Magadan.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had given thanks”) which is understood as temporal

The Signs of the Times

¹ And when¹ the Pharisees and Sadducees came to test him,² they asked him to show them a sign from heaven.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

² So he answered and¹ said to them, “When² evening comes you say, ‘It will be fair weather because the sky is red,’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“comes”)

³ and early in the morning, ‘Today it will be stormy weather, because the sky is red and¹ darkening.’ You know how to evaluate correctly the appearance of the sky, but you are not able to evaluate² the signs of the times.

1. *Here “and” is supplied in the translation because of English style
2. *Here “to evaluate” is an implied repetition of the verb earlier in the verse

⁴ An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign, and a sign will not be given to it except the sign of Jonah!” And he left them and¹ went away.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb

Beware the Leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees

⁵ And when¹ the disciples arrived at the other side,² they had forgotten to take bread.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arrived”) which is understood as temporal
2. That is, the other side of the Sea of Galilee

⁶ And Jesus said to them, “Watch out for and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees!”

⁷ So they were discussing this¹ among themselves, saying, “It is because we did not take bread.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁸ But knowing this,¹ Jesus said, “Why are you discussing among yourselves that you did not take bread,² you of little faith?

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. Some manuscripts have “you do not have bread”

⁹ Do you not yet understand or do you not remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many baskets you took up?

¹⁰ Or the seven loaves for the four thousand and how many baskets you took up?

¹¹ How do you not understand that I did not speak to you about bread? But beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees!”

¹² Then they understood that he did not say to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

Peter’s Confession at Caesarea Philippi

¹³ Now when¹ Jesus came to the region of Caesarea ⌞Philippi⌟,² he began asking³ his disciples, saying, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “of Philip”
3. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began asking”)

¹⁴ And they said, ⌞Some⌟¹ say John the Baptist, but others Elijah, and others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”

1. Literally “those on the one hand”

¹⁵ He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”

¹⁶ And Simon Peter answered and¹ said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁷ And Jesus answered and¹ said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this² to you, but my Father who is in heaven.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁸ And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overpower it!

¹⁹ I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound¹ in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will be released² in heaven.”

1. Or “will have been bound”
2. Or “will have been released”

²⁰ Then he commanded the disciples that they should tell no one that he was the Christ.

Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection

²¹ From that time on Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised on the third day.

²² And Peter took him aside and¹ began to rebuke him, saying, ⌞God forbid⌟,² Lord! This will never happen to you!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took … aside”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “merciful to you”

²³ But he turned around and¹ said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a cause for stumbling to me, because you are not intent on the things of God, but the things of people!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“turned around”) has been translated as a finite verb

Taking Up One’s Cross to Follow Jesus

²⁴ Then Jesus said to his disciples, “If anyone wants to come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me.

²⁵ For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life on account of me will find it.

²⁶ For what will a person be benefited if he gains the whole world but forfeits his life? Or what will a person give in exchange for his life?

²⁷ For the Son of Man is going to come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and at that time he will reward each one according to ⌞what he has done⌟.¹

1. Literally “his activity”

²⁸ Truly I say to you, that there are some of those standing here who will never experience death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

The Transfiguration

¹ And after six days Jesus took along Peter and James and John his brother, and led them up on a high mountain by themselves.

² And he was transfigured before them, and his face shone like the sun, and his clothing became bright as the light.

³ And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with him.

⁴ So Peter answered and¹ said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good that we are here! If you want, I will make here three shelters, one for you and one for Moses and one for Elijah.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵ While¹ he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and behold, a voice from the cloud said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased. Listen to him!”

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“speaking”)

⁶ And when¹ the disciples heard this,² they fell down on their faces and were extremely frightened.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁷ And Jesus came and touched them and¹ said, “Get up and do not be afraid.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“touched”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁸ And when they¹ lifted up their eyes they saw no one except him—Jesus alone.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“lifted up”) which is understood as temporal

⁹ And as¹ they were coming down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them saying, “Tell no one the vision until the Son of Man is raised from the dead.”

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were coming down”)

¹⁰ And the disciples asked him, saying, “Then why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?”

¹¹ And he answered and¹ said, “Elijah indeed is coming, and will restore all things.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹² But I say to you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but did with him whatever they wanted. In the same way also the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.”

¹³ Then the disciples understood that he had spoken to them about John the Baptist.

A Demon-possessed Boy Healed

¹⁴ And when they¹ came to the crowd, a man approached him, kneeling down before him

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“came”)

¹⁵ and saying, “Lord, have mercy on my son, because he has seizures and suffers severely, for often he falls into the fire and often into the water.

¹⁶ And I brought him to your disciples, and they were not able to heal him.”

¹⁷ And Jesus answered and¹ said, “O unbelieving and perverse generation! ⌞How long⌟² will I be with you? ⌞How long⌟³ must I put up with you? Bring him here to me!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “until when”
3. Literally “until when”

¹⁸ And Jesus rebuked him, and the demon came out of him and the boy was healed from that hour.

¹⁹ Then the disciples approached Jesus privately and¹ said, ⌞Why⌟² were we not able to expel it?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “for what”

²⁰ And he said to them, “Because of your little faith. For truly I say to you, if you have faith like a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move, and nothing will be impossible for you.”¹

1. Most later Greek manuscripts add v. 21, “But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”

Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection a Second Time

²² Now as¹ they were gathering in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be betrayed into the hands of men,²

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were gathering”)
2. Or possibly “of people,” in a generic sense, although the reference here may be to the specific group responsible for Jesus’ arrest, where it is unlikely women were present

²³ and they will kill him, and on the third day he will be raised.” And they were extremely distressed.

Paying the Double Drachma Temple Tax

²⁴ Now when¹ they arrived in Capernaum, the ones who collected the double drachma tax² came up to Peter and said, “Does your teacher not pay the double drachma tax?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“arrived”)
2. This refers to the half-shekel annual tax paid by Jewish males to support the temple; over time the name of the coin commonly used to pay the tax came to be used for the tax itself

²⁵ He said, “Yes.” And when he¹ came into the house, Jesus spoke to him first, saying, “What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth collect tolls or taxes—from their own sons, or from foreigners?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

²⁶ And when he¹ said, “From foreigners,” Jesus said to him, “Then the sons are free.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“said”) which is understood as temporal

²⁷ But so that we do not give offense to them, go out to the sea, cast a line with¹ a hook, and take the first fish that comes up. And when you² open its mouth, you will find a four-drachma coin. Take that and³ give it⁴ to them for me and you.”

1. *The words “a line with” are not in the Greek text but are implied
2. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“open”) which is understood as temporal
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“take”) has been translated as a finite verb
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Question About Who Is Greatest

¹ At that time the disciples came up to Jesus, saying, “Who then is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?”

² And calling a child to himself, he had him stand in their midst

³ and said, “Truly I say to you, unless you turn around and become like young children, you will never enter into the kingdom of heaven!

⁴ Therefore whoever humbles himself like this child, this person is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven,

⁵ and whoever welcomes one child such as this in my name welcomes me.

⁶ But whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him that ⌞a large millstone⌟¹ be hung on² his neck and he be drowned in the depths of the sea.

1. Literally “a millstone of a donkey”
2. Some manuscripts have “around”

⁷ Woe to the world because of causes for stumbling, for it is a necessity that causes for stumbling come; nevertheless, woe to the person through whom the cause for stumbling comes.

⁸ And if your hand or your foot causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it¹ from you! It is better for you to enter into life crippled or lame than, having two hands or two feet, to be thrown into the eternal fire!

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁹ And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it¹ from you! It is better for you to enter into life one-eyed than, having two eyes, to be thrown into fiery hell!

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Parable of the Lost Sheep

¹⁰ “See to it that you do not despise one of these little ones, for I tell you that their angels in heaven constantly see the face of my Father who is in heaven.¹

1. Many later Greek manuscripts include vs. 11, “For the Son of Man came to save those who are lost.”

¹² What do you think? If ⌞a certain man has⌟¹ a hundred sheep, and one of them wanders away, will he not leave the ninety-nine on the hills and go and² look for the one that wandered away?

1. Literally “there are to a certain man”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹³ And if he happens to find it, truly I say to you that he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine that did not wander away.

¹⁴ In the same way it is not the will ⌞of⌟¹ your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones perish.

1. Literally “in the presence of”

Confronting a Brother Who Sins Against You

¹⁵ “Now if your brother sins against you, go correct him between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother.

¹⁶ But if he does not listen, take with you in addition one or two others, so that by ⌞the testimony⌟¹ of two or three witnesses every matter may be established.

1. Literally “the mouth”

¹⁷ And if he refuses to listen to them, tell it¹ to the church. But if he refuses to listen to the church also, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁸ “Truly I say to you, whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will be released in heaven.

¹⁹ Again, truly I say to you that if two of you agree on earth about any matter that they ask, it will be done for them from my Father who is in heaven.

²⁰ For where two or three are gathered in my name, I am there in the midst of them.”

The Parable of the Unforgiving Slave

²¹ Then Peter came up to him and¹ said,² “Lord, how many times will my brother sin against me and I will forgive him? Up to seven times?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Some manuscripts have “Then Peter came up and said to him”

²² Jesus said to him, “I do not say to you up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven!¹

1. Or “seventy-seven times”

²³ “For this reason the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man—a king—who wanted to settle accounts with his slaves.

²⁴ And when¹ he began to settle them,² someone was brought to him who owed ten thousand talents.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“began”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ And because¹ he did not have enough² to repay it,³ the master ordered him to be sold, and his⁴ wife and his⁵ children and everything that he had, and to be repaid.

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“have”) which is understood as causal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
4. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
5. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

²⁶ Then the slave threw himself to the ground and¹ began to do obeisance to him, saying, ‘Be patient with me, and I will pay back everything to you!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“threw himself to the ground”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁷ So the master of that slave, because he¹ had compassion, released him and forgave him the loan.

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had compassion”) which is understood as causal

²⁸ But that slave went out and¹ found one of his fellow slaves who owed him a hundred denarii, and taking hold of him, he began to choke him,² saying, ‘Pay back everything that you owe!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁹ Then his fellow slave threw himself to the ground and¹ began to implore² him, saying, ‘Be patient with me and I will repay you!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“threw himself to the ground”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to implore”)

³⁰ But he did not want to, but rather he went and¹ threw him into prison until he would repay what was owed.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

³¹ So when¹ his fellow slaves saw what had happened, they were extremely distressed, and went and² reported to their master everything that had happened.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

³² Then his master summoned him and¹ said to him, ‘Wicked slave! I forgave you all that debt because you implored me!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“summoned”) has been translated as a finite verb

³³ Should you not also have shown mercy to your fellow slave as I also showed mercy to you?’

³⁴ And because he¹ was angry, his master handed him over to the merciless jailers² until he would repay everything that was owed.

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was angry”) which is understood as causal
2. Or “torturers”

³⁵ So also my heavenly Father will do to you, unless each of you forgives his brother from your hearts!”

On Divorce

¹ And it happened that when Jesus had finished these statements, he went away from Galilee and came into the region of Judea on the other side of the Jordan.

² And large crowds followed him, and he healed them there.

³ And Pharisees came up to him in order to¹ test him, and asked² if it was permitted for a man to divorce his wife for any cause.

1. *Here “in order to” is supplied as a component of the participle (“test”) which is understood as purpose
2. *Here the participle (“asked”) is translated as a finite verb because of English style

⁴ And he answered and¹ said, “Have you not read that the one who created them² from the beginning made them male and female

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵ and said, ‘On account of this a man will leave his¹ father and his² mother and will be joined to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’?³

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
3. A quotation from Gen 2:24

⁶ So then, they are no longer two but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, man must not separate.”

⁷ They said to him, “Why then did Moses command us¹ to give a document—a certificate of divorce—and to divorce her?”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁸ He said to them, “Moses, with reference to your hardness of heart, permitted you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not like this.

⁹ Now I say to you that whoever divorces his wife, except on the basis of sexual immorality, and marries another commits adultery, and whoever marries her who is divorced commits adultery.”¹

1. Some manuscripts omit “and whoever marries her who is divorced commits adultery”

¹⁰ The disciples¹ said to him, “If this is the case of a man with his² wife, it would be better not to marry!”

1. Some manuscripts have “His disciples”
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

¹¹ But he said to them, “Not everyone can accept this saying but those to whom it has been given.

¹² For there are eunuchs who were born as such from their mother’s womb, and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by people, and there are eunuchs who have made themselves eunuchs¹ for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who is able to accept this,² let him accept it.”³

1. An understood repetition of the term from earlier in the verse
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Little Children Brought to Jesus

¹³ Then children were brought to him so that he could lay his¹ hands on them and pray, but the disciples rebuked them.

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

¹⁴ But Jesus said, “Allow the children, and do not forbid them to come to me, ⌞for to such belongs⌟¹ the kingdom of heaven.”

1. Literally “for of such is”

¹⁵ And he laid his¹ hands on them and² traveled on from there.

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“laid”) has been translated as a finite verb

A Rich Young Man

¹⁶ And behold, someone came up to him and¹ said, “Teacher, what good thing must I do so that I will have eternal life?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁷ And he said to him, “Why are you asking me about what is good? There is one who is good. But if you want to enter into life, keep the commandments!”

¹⁸ He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, “Do not commit murder, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not give false testimony,

¹⁹ honor your¹ father and your² mother, and love your neighbor as yourself.”

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

²⁰ The young man said to him, “All these I have observed. What do I still lack?”

²¹ Jesus said to him, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give the proceeds¹ to the poor—and you will have treasure in heaven—and come, follow me.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²² But when¹ the young man heard the statement, he went away sorrowful, because he was one who had many possessions.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal

²³ And Jesus said to his disciples, “Truly I say to you that with difficulty a rich person will enter into the kingdom of heaven!

²⁴ And again I say to you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than a rich person into¹ the kingdom of God.”

1. Some manuscripts have “to enter into”

²⁵ So when¹ the disciples heard this,² they were extremely amazed, saying, “Then who can be saved?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁶ But Jesus looked at them¹ and² said to them, “With human beings this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“looked at”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁷ Then Peter answered and¹ said to him, “Behold, we have left everything and followed you. What then will there be for us?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁸ And Jesus said to them, “Truly I say to you that in the renewal of the world,¹ when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne, you who have followed me—you also will sit on twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

1. The words “of the world” are supplied as a clarification of “renewal”

²⁹ And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife¹ or children or fields on account of my name will receive a hundred times as much, and will inherit eternal life.

1. Some manuscripts omit “or wife”

³⁰ But many who are first will be last, and the last first.

The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard

¹ “For the kingdom of heaven is like a man—the master of the house—who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard.

² And after¹ coming to an agreement with the workers for a denarius per day, he sent them into his vineyard.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“coming to an agreement”) which is understood as temporal

³ And going out about the third hour, he saw others standing idle in the marketplace.

⁴ And to those people he said, ‘You also go into the vineyard, and I will give you whatever is right.’

⁵ So they went. Going out¹ again about the sixth and ninth hour he did the same thing.

1. Some manuscripts have “And going out”

⁶ And about the eleventh hour he went out and¹ found others standing there and said to them, ‘Why are you standing here the whole day unemployed?’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁷ They said to him, ‘Because no one hired us.’ He said to them, ‘You go also into the vineyard.’

⁸ And when¹ evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his manager, ‘Call the workers and pay them their² wages, beginning from the last up to the first.’

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“came”)
2. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁹ And when the ones hired about the eleventh hour came, they received a denarius apiece.

¹⁰ And when¹ the first came, they thought that they would receive more, and they also received a denarius apiece.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

¹¹ And when they¹ received it,² they began to complain³ against the master of the house,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“received”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to complain”)

¹² saying, ‘These last people worked one hour and you made them equal to us who have endured the burden of the day and the burning heat!’

¹³ But he answered one of them and¹ said, ‘Friend, I am not doing you wrong. Did you not come to an agreement with me for a denarius?

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁴ Take what is yours and go! But I want to give to this last person the same as I gave¹ to you also.

1. The words “I gave” are an implied repetition from the verb earlier in the verse

¹⁵ Is it not¹ permitted for me to do whatever I want with what is mine? Or is your eye evil because I am generous?’

1. Some manuscripts have “Or is it not”

¹⁶ Thus the last will be first and the first last.”

Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection a Third Time

¹⁷ And as¹ Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, he took the twelve disciples by themselves and said to them on the way,

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was going up”) which is understood as temporal

¹⁸ “Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be handed over to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn him to death,

¹⁹ and will hand him over to the Gentiles to mock him¹ and flog him² and crucify him,³ and on the third day he will be raised.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

A Request by the Mother of James and John

²⁰ Then the mother of the sons of Zebedee came up to him with her sons, and¹ kneeling down she asked² something from him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the participle (“kneeling down”) has been translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style
2. *Here the participle (“asked”) is translated as a finite verb because of English style

²¹ And he said to her, “What do you want?” She said to him, “Say that these two sons of mine may sit one at your right hand and one at your left in your kingdom.”

²² But Jesus answered and¹ said, “You do not know what you are asking! Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?” They said to him, “We are able.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²³ He said to them, “You will indeed drink my cup, but to sit at my right hand and at my left is not mine¹ to grant, but is for those for whom it has been prepared by my Father.”

1. Some manuscripts have “this is not mine”

²⁴ And when¹ the ten heard this,² they were indignant concerning the two brothers.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ But Jesus called them to himself and¹ said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and those in high positions exercise authority over them.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“called … to himself”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁶ It will not be like this among you! But whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant,

²⁷ and whoever wants to be most prominent among you must be your slave—

²⁸ just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

Two Blind Men Healed at Jericho

²⁹ And as¹ they were going out of Jericho, a large crowd followed him.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were going out”)

³⁰ And behold, there were two blind men sitting beside the road. When they¹ heard that Jesus was passing by, they called out, saying, “Lord, have mercy on us,² Son of David!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. Some manuscripts have “Have mercy on us, Lord”

³¹ And the crowd rebuked them so that they would be quiet. But they called out all the more, saying, “Lord, have mercy on us,¹ Son of David!”

1. Some manuscripts have “Have mercy on us, Lord”

³² And Jesus stopped,¹ called them, and said, “What do you want me to do for you?”

1. *Here the participle (“stopped”) is translated as a finite verb because of English style

³³ They said to him, “Lord, that our eyes be opened!”

³⁴ And having compassion, Jesus touched their eyes, and immediately they received their sight and followed him.

The Triumphal Entry

¹ And when they drew near to Jerusalem and came to Bethphage at the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples,

² saying to them, “Go into the village before you, and right away you will find a donkey tied and a colt with her. Untie them¹ and² bring them³ to me.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“untie”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³ And if anyone says anything to you, you will say, ‘The Lord ⌞needs them⌟,’¹ and he will send them at once.”

1. Literally “has need of them”

⁴ Now this took place so that what was spoken through the prophet would be fulfilled, saying,

⁵ “Say to the daughter of Zion, ‘Behold, your king is coming to you, humble and mounted on a donkey, and¹ on a colt, the foal of a pack animal.’ ”²

1. Or “even”
2. A quotation from Zech 9:9

⁶ So the disciples went¹ and did² just as Jesus directed them,

1. *Here the participle (“went”) is translated as a finite verb because of English style
2. *Here the participle (“did”) is translated as a finite verb because of English style

⁷ and¹ brought the donkey and the colt and put their² cloaks on them, and he sat on them.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participles (“went” and “did” in the previous verse) have been translated as finite verbs
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁸ And a very large crowd spread their cloaks on the road, and others were cutting branches from the trees and spreading them¹ on the road.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁹ And the crowds who went ahead of him and the ones who followed were shouting, saying, “Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord!¹ Hosanna in the highest heaven!”²

1. A quotation from Ps 118:25–26
2. *Here “heaven” is understood

¹⁰ And when¹ he entered into Jerusalem, the whole city was stirred up, saying, “Who is this?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“entered”)

¹¹ And the crowds were saying, “This is the prophet Jesus from Nazareth of Galilee!”

The Cleansing of the Temple

¹² And Jesus entered the temple courts¹ and drove out all those who were selling and buying in the temple, and overturned the tables of the money changers and the chairs of those who were selling doves.

1. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself

¹³ And he said to them, “It is written, ‘My house will be called a house of prayer,’¹ but you have made it a cave of robbers!”

1. A quotation from Isa 56:7

¹⁴ And the blind and the lame came up to him in the temple courts¹ and he healed them.

1. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself

¹⁵ But when¹ the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children shouting in the temple courts² and saying, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself

¹⁶ And they said to him, “Do you hear what these children¹ are saying?” So Jesus said to them, “Yes, have you never read, ‘Out of the mouths of children and nursing babies you have prepared for yourself praise’?”²

1. *The word “children” is not in the Greek text but is implied
2. A quotation from Ps 8:2

¹⁷ And leaving them, he went outside of the city to Bethany and spent the night there.

A Barren Fig Tree Cursed

¹⁸ Now early in the morning, as he¹ was returning to the city, he was hungry.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was returning”) which is understood as temporal

¹⁹ And seeing a single fig tree by the road, he went to it and found nothing on it except leaves only. And he said to it, “May there be no more fruit from you ⌞forever⌟,¹ and the fig tree withered at once.

1. Literally “to the age”

²⁰ And when they¹ saw it,² the disciples were astonished, saying, “How did the fig tree wither at once?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²¹ And Jesus answered and¹ said to them, “Truly I say to you, if you have faith and do not doubt, you will do not only what was done to the fig tree, but even if you say to this mountain, ‘Be lifted up and thrown into the sea,” it will happen!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²² And whatever you ask in prayer, if you¹ believe, you will receive.”

1. *Here “if” is supplied as a component of the participle (“believe”) which is understood as conditional

Jesus’ Authority Challenged

²³ And after¹ he arrived at the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came up to him while he² was teaching, saying, “By what authority are you doing these things? And who gave you this authority?”

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“arrived”)
2. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was teaching”) which is understood as temporal

²⁴ And Jesus answered and¹ said to them, “I also will ask you one question. If you tell the answer² to me, I also will tell you by what authority I am doing these things.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ From where was the baptism of John—from heaven or from men?” And they began to discuss¹ this² among themselves, saying, “If we say ‘From heaven,’ he will say to us, ‘Why then did you not believe him?’

1. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to discuss”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁶ But if we say, ‘From men,’ we are afraid of the crowd, because they all look upon John as a prophet.”

²⁷ And they answered and¹ said to Jesus, “We do not know.” And he said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Parable of the Two Sons

²⁸ “Now what do you think? A man had two sons. He approached¹ the first and² said, ‘Son, go work in the vineyard today.’

1. Some manuscripts have “And he approached”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁹ And he answered and¹ said, ‘I do not want to!’ But later he changed his mind and² went.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“changed his mind”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁰ And he approached the second¹ and² said the same thing. So he answered and³ said, ‘I will, sir,’ and he did not go.

1. Some manuscripts have “the other”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

³¹ Which of the two did the will of his¹ father?” They said, “The first.” Jesus said to them, “Truly I say to you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes are going ahead of you into the kingdom of God!

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

³² For John came to you in the way of righteousness and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did believe him. And when¹ you saw it,² you did not even change your minds later so as to believe in him.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Parable of the Tenant Farmers in the Vineyard

³³ “Listen to another parable: There was a man—a master of a house—who planted a vineyard, and put a fence around it, and dug a winepress in it, and built a watchtower, and leased it to tenant farmers, and went on a journey.

³⁴ And when the season of fruit drew near, he sent his slaves to the tenant farmers to collect his fruit.

³⁵ And the tenant farmers seized his slaves, one of whom they beat, and one of whom they killed, and one of whom they stoned.

³⁶ Again, he sent other slaves, more than the first ones, and they did the same thing to them.

³⁷ So finally he sent his son to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

³⁸ But when¹ the tenant farmers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and have his inheritance!’

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

³⁹ And they seized him and¹ threw him² out of the vineyard and killed him.³

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁰ Now when the master of the vineyard arrives, what will he do to those tenant farmers?”

⁴¹ They said to him, “He will destroy those evil men completely and lease the vineyard to other tenant farmers who will give him the fruits in their season.”

⁴² Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the scriptures, ‘The stone which the builders rejected, this has become ⌞the cornerstone⌟.¹ This came about from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?²

1. Literally “the head of the corner”
2. A quotation from Ps 118:22–23

⁴³ For this reason, I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and will be given to a people¹ who produce its fruits.

1. Or “nation”

⁴⁴ And the one who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, and the one on whom it falls—it will crush him!”

⁴⁵ And when¹ the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they knew that he was speaking about them,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal

⁴⁶ and although they¹ wanted to arrest him, they were afraid of the crowds, because they looked upon him as a prophet.

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“wanted”) which is understood as concessive

The Parable of the Wedding Celebration

¹ And continuing, Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying,

² “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man—a king—who gave a wedding celebration for his son.

³ And he sent his slaves to summon those who had been invited to the wedding celebration, and they did not want to come.

⁴ Again he sent other slaves, saying, ‘Tell those who have been invited, “Behold, I have prepared my dinner; my oxen and fattened cattle have been slaughtered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding celebration!” ’

⁵ But they paid no attention and¹ went away—this one to his own field, that one to his business.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“paid no attention”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶ And the others, seizing his slaves, mistreated them¹ and killed them.²

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁷ And the king was angry and sent his troops and¹ destroyed those murderers and burned their city.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁸ Then he said to his slaves, ‘The wedding celebration is ready, but those who had been invited were not worthy.

⁹ Therefore, go out to the places where the roads exit the city and invite to the wedding celebration as many people as you find.’

¹⁰ And those slaves went out into the roads and¹ gathered everyone whom they found, both evil and good, and the wedding celebration was filled ⌞with dinner guests⌟.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “with those reclining at table”

¹¹ But when¹ the king came in to see the ⌞dinner guests⌟,² he saw a man there not dressed in wedding clothes.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came in”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “ones reclining at table”

¹² And he said to him, ‘Friend, how did you come in here, not having wedding clothes?’ But ⌞he could say nothing⌟.¹

1. Literally “he was silent”

¹³ Then the king said to the servants, ‘Tie him up ⌞hand and foot⌟¹ and² throw him into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!’

1. Literally “feet and hands”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“tie”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁴ For many are called but few are chosen.”

Paying Taxes to Caesar

¹⁵ Then the Pharisees went ⌞and consulted⌟¹ so that they could entrap him with a statement.

1. Literally “took counsel”

¹⁶ And they sent their disciples to him with the Herodians, saying, “Teacher, we know that you are truthful and teach the way of God in truth, and ⌞you do not care what anyone thinks⌟,¹ ⌞because you do not regard the opinion of people⌟.²

1. Literally “it is not a care to you concerning anyone”
2. Literally “because you do not look at the face of men”

¹⁷ Therefore tell us what you think. Is it permitted to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”

¹⁸ But because he¹ knew their maliciousness, Jesus said, “Hypocrites! Why are you testing me?

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“knew”) which is understood as causal

¹⁹ Show me the coin for the tax!” So they brought him a denarius.

²⁰ And he said to them, “Whose image and inscription is this?”

²¹ They said to him, “Caesar’s.” Then he said to them, “Therefore give to Caesar the things of Caesar, and to God the things of God!”

²² And when they¹ heard this,² they were astonished, and they left him and³ went away.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“left”) has been translated as a finite verb

A Question About Marriage and the Resurrection

²³ On that day Sadducees—who say there is no resurrection—came up to him and asked him,

²⁴ saying, “Teacher, Moses said if someone dies without having children, his brother is to marry his wife and ⌞father⌟¹ descendants for his brother.

1. Literally “raise up”

²⁵ Now there were seven brothers with us. And the first died after¹ getting married, and because he² did not have descendants, he left his wife to his brother.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“getting married”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“have”) which is understood as causal

²⁶ So also the second and the third, up to the seventh.

²⁷ And last of all the woman died.

²⁸ In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife of the seven will she be? For they all had her as wife.”¹

1. *The words “as wife” are not in the Greek text but are implied

²⁹ But Jesus answered and¹ said to them, “You are mistaken, because² you do not know the scriptures or the power of God!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“know”) which is understood as causal

³⁰ For in the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels of God¹ in heaven.

1. Some manuscripts omit “of God”

³¹ Now concerning the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was spoken to you by God, who said,

³² “I am the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob”?¹ He is not the God of the dead, but of the living!”

1. A quotation from Exod 3:6

³³ And when¹ the crowds heard this,² they were amazed at his teaching.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Greatest Commandment

³⁴ Now when¹ the Pharisees heard that he had silenced the Sadducees, they assembled at the same place.²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. Or “they assembled together”

³⁵ And one of them, a legal expert, put a question to him¹ to test him:

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁶ “Teacher, which commandment is greatest in the law?”

³⁷ And he said to him, “ ‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’¹

1. A quotation from Deut 6:5

³⁸ This is the greatest and first commandment.

³⁹ And the second is like it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’¹

1. A quotation from Lev 19:18

⁴⁰ On these two commandments depend all the law and the prophets.”

David’s Son and Lord

⁴¹ Now while¹ the Pharisees were assembled, Jesus asked them,

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“assembled”)

⁴² saying, “What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?” They said to him, “David’s.”

⁴³ He said to them, “How then does David, by the Spirit, call him ‘Lord,’ saying,

⁴⁴ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet” ’?¹

1. A quotation from Ps 110:1

⁴⁵ If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how is he his son?”

⁴⁶ And no one was able to answer him a word, nor did anyone dare from that day on to ask him any more questions.¹

1. *The word “questions” is not in the Greek text but is implied

Seven Woes Pronounced on the Scribes and Pharisees

¹ Then Jesus spoke to the crowds and to his disciples,

² saying, “The scribes and the Pharisees sit on the seat of Moses.

³ Therefore do and observe everything that they tell you, but do not do as ⌞they do⌟,¹ for they tell others to do something² and do not do it themselves.³

1. Literally “their deeds”
2. *The words “others to do something” are not in the Greek text but are implied
3. *The words “it themselves” are not in the Greek text but are implied

⁴ And they tie up heavy burdens¹ and put them² on people’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing with their finger to move them.

1. Some manuscripts have “burdens that are heavy and hard to bear”
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵ And they do all their deeds in order to be seen by people, for they make their phylacteries broad and make their¹ tassels long.

1. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁶ And they love the place of honor at banquets and the best seats in the synagogues

⁷ and the greetings in the marketplaces and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by people.

⁸ But you are not to be called ‘Rabbi,’ because one is your teacher, and you are all brothers,

⁹ And do not call anyone¹ your father on earth, for one is your heavenly Father.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁰ And do not be called teachers, because one is your teacher, the Christ.

¹¹ And the greatest among you will be your servant.

¹² And whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.

¹³ “But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you shut the kingdom of heaven before people! For you do not enter, nor permit those wanting to go in¹ to enter.²

1. *Here the present tense has been translated as voluntative (“wanting to go in”)
2. The most important Greek manuscripts omit v. 14, “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you devour widows’ houses and for show you pray long prayers! Therefore you will receive the greater condemnation.”

¹⁵ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you travel around the sea and the dry land to make one convert, and when he becomes one,¹ you make him twice as much a son of hell as you are!

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁶ “Woe to you, blind guides, who say, ‘Whoever swears by the temple, it is nothing! But whoever swears by the gold of the temple is bound by his oath.’¹

1. The phrase “by his oath” is not in the Greek text but is implied

¹⁷ Fools and blind people! For which is greater, the gold or the temple that makes the gold holy?

¹⁸ And, ‘Whoever swears by the altar, it is nothing! But whoever swears by the gift that is on it is bound by his oath.’¹

1. The phrase “by his oath” is not in the Greek text but is implied

¹⁹ Blind people! For which is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift holy?

²⁰ Therefore the one who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything that is on it.

²¹ And the one who swears by the temple swears by it and by the one who dwells in it.

²² And the one who swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and by the one who sits on it.

²³ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you pay a tenth of mint and dill and cumin, and neglect the more important matters of the law—justice and mercy and faithfulness! It was necessary¹ to do these things ⌞while not neglecting those⌟.²

1. Some manuscripts have “But it was necessary”
2. Literally “and those not to neglect”

²⁴ Blind guides who filter out a gnat and swallow a camel!

²⁵ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you cleanse the outside of the cup and the dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence!

²⁶ Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and the dish,¹ so that the outside of it may become clean also.

1. Some manuscripts omit “and the dish”

²⁷ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you are like whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead and of everything unclean!

²⁸ In the same way, on the outside you also appear righteous to people, but inside you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.

²⁹ “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees—hypocrites!—because you build the tombs of the prophets and decorate the graves of the righteous,

³⁰ and you say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partners with them in the blood of the prophets!’

³¹ Thus you testify against yourselves that you are descendants of those who murdered the prophets!

³² And you—fill up the measure of your fathers!

³³ Serpents! Offspring of vipers! How will you escape from the condemnation to hell?

³⁴ For this reason, behold, I am sending to you prophets and wise men and scribes. Some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will flog in your synagogues and will pursue from town to town,

³⁵ so that upon you will come all the righteous blood shed on the earth from the blood of righteous Abel up to the blood of Zechariah son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.

³⁶ Truly I say to you, all these things will come upon this generation!

The Lament over Jerusalem

³⁷ “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How many times I wanted to gather your children together ⌞the way⌟¹ a hen gathers her young together under her² wings, and you were not willing!

1. Literally “in the manner in which”
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

³⁸ Behold, your house has been left to you desolate!

³⁹ For I tell you, you will never see me from now on until you say, ‘Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord!’ ”¹

1. A quotation from Ps 118:26

The Destruction of the Temple Predicted

¹ And as Jesus went out of the temple courts¹ he was going along, and his disciples came up to point out to him the buildings of the temple.

1. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself

² But he answered and¹ said to them, “Do you not see all these things? Truly I say to you, not one stone will be left here on another stone that will not be thrown down!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

Signs of the End of the Age

³ And as¹ he was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came up to him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things happen, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?”

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was sitting”)

⁴ And Jesus answered and¹ said to them, “Watch out that no one deceives you!

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵ For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and they will deceive many.

⁶ And you are going to hear about wars and rumors of wars. See to it that you are not alarmed, for this must happen, but the end is not yet.

⁷ For nation will rise up against nation and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be famines and earthquakes in various places.¹

1. Or “in place after place”

⁸ But all these things are the beginning of birth pains.

Persecution of Disciples Predicted

⁹ “Then they will hand you over to persecution and will kill you, and you will be hated by all the nations¹ because of my name.

1. Or “Gentiles”; the same Greek word can be translated “nations” or “Gentiles” depending on the context

¹⁰ And then many will be led into sin and will betray one another and will hate one another,

¹¹ and many false prophets will appear and will deceive many,

¹² and because lawlessness will increase, the love of many will grow cold.

¹³ But the one who endures to the end—this person will be saved.

¹⁴ And this gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed in the whole inhabited earth for a testimony to all the nations,¹ and then the end will come.

1. Or “Gentiles”; the same Greek word can be translated “nations” or “Gentiles” depending on the context

The Abomination of Desolation

¹⁵ “So when you see the abomination of desolation¹ spoken about by the prophet Daniel standing in the holy place” (let the one who reads understand),

1. An allusion to Dan 9:27

¹⁶ “then those in Judea must flee to the mountains!

¹⁷ The one who is on his¹ housetop must not come down to take things out of his house,

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

¹⁸ and the one who is in the field must not turn back to pick up his cloak.

¹⁹ And woe to those ⌞who are pregnant⌟¹ and to those who are nursing their babies² in those days!

1. Literally “who have in the womb”
2. *The words “their babies” are not in the Greek text but are supplied as a necessary clarification

²⁰ But pray that your flight may not happen in winter or on a Sabbath.

²¹ For at that time there will be great tribulation, such as has not happened from the beginning of the world until now, nor ever will happen.

²² And unless those days had been shortened, ⌞no human being would be saved⌟.¹ But for the sake of the elect, those days will be shortened.

1. Literally “every flesh would not be saved”

²³ “At that time if anyone should say to you, ‘Behold, here is the Christ,’ or ‘Here he is,’ do not believe him!¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁴ For false messiahs and false prophets will appear, and will produce great signs and wonders in order to deceive, if possible, even the elect.

²⁵ Behold, I have told you ahead of time!

²⁶ Therefore if they say to you, ‘Behold, he is in the wilderness,’ do not go out, or¹ ‘Behold, he is in the inner rooms,’ do not believe it!²

1. *Here “or” is supplied because of English style
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁷ For just as the lightning comes from the east and flashes to the west, so the coming of the Son of Man will be.

²⁸ Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will gather.

The Arrival of the Son of Man

²⁹ “And immediately after the tribulation of those days, ‘the sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of heaven will be shaken.’¹

1. A quotation from Isa 13:10; 34:4

³⁰ And then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven,¹ and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man arriving on the clouds of heaven² with power and great glory.

1. Or “the sky”
2. Or “the sky”

³¹ And he will send out his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect together from the four winds, from one end of heaven¹ to the other end of it.

1. Or “of the sky”

The Parable of the Fig Tree

³² “Now learn the parable from the fig tree: Whenever its branch has already become tender and puts forth its¹ leaves, you know that summer is near.

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

³³ So also you, when you see all these things, know¹ that he is near, at the door.

1. Or “you know”

³⁴ Truly I say to you that this generation will never pass away until all these things take place!

³⁵ Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.

The Unknown Day and Hour

³⁶ “But concerning that day and hour no one knows—not even the angels of heaven nor the Son—except the Father alone.

³⁷ For just as the days of Noah were, so the coming of the Son of Man will be.

³⁸ For as in the days¹ before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noah entered into the ark.

1. Some manuscripts have “those days”

³⁹ And they did not know anything¹ until the deluge came and swept them² all away. So also the coming of the Son of Man will be.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁰ Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one left.

⁴¹ Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one left.

⁴² Therefore be on the alert, because you do not know what day your Lord is coming!

⁴³ But understand this: that if the master of the house had known what watch of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into.

⁴⁴ For this reason you also must be ready, because the Son of Man is coming at an hour that you do not think he will come.¹

1. *The words “he will come” are not in the Greek text but are implied

A Faithful Slave and an Unfaithful Slave

⁴⁵ “Who then is the faithful and wise slave whom the master has put in charge of his household slaves to give them their¹ food at the right time?

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁴⁶ Blessed is that slave whom his master will find so doing when he¹ comes back.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“comes back”) which is understood as temporal

⁴⁷ Truly I say to you that he will put him in charge of all his possessions.

⁴⁸ But if that evil slave should say ⌞to himself⌟,¹ ‘My master is staying away for a long time,’

1. Literally “in his heart”

⁴⁹ and he begins to beat his fellow slaves and eats and drinks with drunkards,

⁵⁰ the master of that slave will come on a day that he does not expect and at an hour that he does not know,

⁵¹ and will cut him in two and assign his place with the hypocrites. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!

The Parable of the Ten Virgins

¹ “Then the kingdom of heaven may be compared to ten virgins who took their lamps and¹ went out to meet the bridegroom.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

² Now five of them were foolish and five were wise.

³ For when¹ the foolish ones took their lamps, they did not take olive oil with them.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“took”) which is understood as temporal

⁴ But the wise ones took olive oil in flasks with their lamps.

⁵ And when¹ the bridegroom was delayed, they all became drowsy and fell asleep.²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was delayed”)
2. The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to sleep”, “fell asleep”)

⁶ But in the middle of the night there was a shout, ‘Behold, the bridegroom! Come out to meet him!’

⁷ Then all those virgins woke up and trimmed their lamps.

⁸ And the foolish ones said to the wise ones, ‘Give us some of your olive oil, because our lamps are going out!’

⁹ But the wise ones answered saying, “Certainly there will never be enough for us and for you! Go instead to those who sell olive oil¹ and buy some² for yourselves.’

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁰ But while¹ they had gone away to buy it² the bridegroom arrived, and those who were ready went inside with him to the wedding celebration, and the door was shut.

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had gone away”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹¹ And later the other virgins came also, saying, ‘Lord, lord, open the door¹ for us!’

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹² But he answered and¹ said, ‘Truly I say to you, I do not know you!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹³ Therefore be on the alert, because you do not know the day or the hour!

The Parable of the Talents

¹⁴ For it is like a man going on a journey. He summoned his own slaves and handed over his property to them.

¹⁵ And to one he gave five talents, and to another two, and to another one, to each one according to his own ability, and he went on a journey immediately.

¹⁶ The one who had received the five talents went out and¹ traded with them and gained five more.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁷ In the same way the one who had the two gained two more.

¹⁸ But the one who had received the one went away and¹ dug up the ground and hid his master’s money.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁹ Now after a long time, the master of those slaves came and settled accounts with them.

²⁰ And the one who had received the five talents came up and¹ brought five more talents, saying, ‘Master, you handed over to me five talents. See, I have gained five more talents!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

²¹ His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful slave! You were faithful over a few things; I will put you in charge over many things. Enter into the joy of your master!’

²² And the one who had the two talents also came up and¹ said, ‘Master, you handed over to me two talents. See, I have gained two talents more!’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

²³ His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful slave! You were faithful over a few things; I will put you in charge over many things. Enter into the joy of your master!’

²⁴ And the one who had received the one talent came up also and¹ said, ‘Master, because I² knew you, that you are a hard man, reaping where you did not sow and gathering from where you did not scatter seed.³

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“knew”) which is understood as causal
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ And because I¹ was afraid, I went away and² hid your talent in the ground. See, you have what is yours!’

1. *Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was afraid”) which is understood as causal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁶ But his master answered and¹ said to him, ‘Evil and lazy slave! You knew that I reap where I did not sow and gather from where I did not scatter seed.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁷ Then you ought to have deposited my money with the bankers, and when I¹ returned I would have gotten back what was mine with interest!

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“returned”) which is understood as temporal

²⁸ Therefore take the talent from him and give it¹ to the one who has the ten talents.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁹ For to everyone who has, more will be given, and he will have an abundance. But from the one who does not have, even what he has will be taken away from him.

³⁰ And throw the worthless slave into the outer darkness—in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!’

The Judgment of the Sheep and the Goats

³¹ Now when the Son of Man comes in his glory and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.

³² And all the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate them from one another like a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.

³³ And he will place the sheep on his right and the goats on the left.

³⁴ Then the king will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father. Inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world!

³⁵ For I was hungry and you gave me something¹ to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something² to drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me as a guest,

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁶ I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you cared for me, I was in prison and you came to me.’

³⁷ Then the righteous will answer him, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you,¹ or thirsty and give you something² to drink?

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁸ And when did we see you a stranger and welcome you¹ as a guest, or naked and clothe you?²

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁹ And when did we see you sick or in prison and come to you?’

⁴⁰ And the king will answer and¹ say to them, ‘Truly I say to you, in as much as you did it² to one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did it³ to me.’

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“will answer”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴¹ Then he will also say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you accursed ones, into the eternal fire that has been prepared for the devil and his angels!

⁴² For I was hungry and you did not give me anything¹ to eat, I was thirsty and you did not give me anything² to drink,

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴³ I was a stranger and you did not welcome me as a guest, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not care for me.’

⁴⁴ Then they will also answer, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison and not serve you?’

⁴⁵ Then he will answer them, saying, ‘Truly I say to you, in as much as you did not do it¹ to one of the least of these, you did not do it² to me.’

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁶ And these will depart into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”

The Chief Priests and Elders Plot to Kill Jesus

¹ And it happened that when Jesus had finished all these sayings, he said to his disciples,

² “You know that after two days the Passover takes place, and the Son of Man will be handed over¹ in order to be crucified.”

1. Or “will be delivered up”

³ Then the chief priests and the elders of the people assembled in the palace of the high priest, who was named Caiaphas,

⁴ and plotted in order that they could arrest Jesus by stealth and kill him.¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵ But they were saying, “Not during the feast, so that there will not be an uproar among the people.”

Jesus’ Anointing at Bethany

⁶ Now while¹ Jesus was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper,

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)

⁷ a woman came up to him holding an alabaster flask of very expensive perfumed oil, and poured it¹ out on his head while he² was reclining at table.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was reclining at table”)

⁸ And when¹ the disciples saw it² they were indignant, saying, “⌞Why⌟³ this waste?

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Literally “for what” reason

⁹ For this could have been sold for a large sum and given to the poor!”

¹⁰ But Jesus, knowing this,¹ said to them, “Why do you cause trouble for the woman? For she has done a good deed for me.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹¹ For the poor you always have with you, but you do not always have me.

¹² For when¹ this woman poured this ointment on my body, she did it² in order to prepare me for burial.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“poured”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹³ Truly I say to you, wherever this gospel is proclaimed in the whole world, what this woman has done will also be told in memory of her.”

Judas Arranges to Betray Jesus

¹⁴ Then one of the twelve, the one named Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests

¹⁵ and¹ said, “What are you willing to give me if I in turn deliver him to you?” So they set out for him thirty silver coins.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the participle in the previous verse (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁶ And from that time on, he began seeking a favorable opportunity in order that he could betray him.

Jesus’ Final Passover with the Disciples

¹⁷ Now on the first day¹ of the feast of Unleavened Bread the disciples came up to Jesus, saying, “Where do you want us to prepare for you to eat the Passover?”

1. *Here the word “day” is not in the Greek text but is implied

¹⁸ And he said, “Go into the city to a certain man and tell him, ‘The Teacher says, “My time is near. I am celebrating the Passover with you with my disciples.” ’

¹⁹ And the disciples did as Jesus directed them, and they prepared the Passover.

²⁰ And when it¹ was evening, he was reclining at table with the twelve disciples.²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)
2. Some manuscripts omit “disciples”

²¹ And while¹ they were eating he said, “Truly I say to you, that one of you will betray me.”

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were eating”)

²² And greatly distressed, each one began to say to him, “⌞Surely I am not he, am I⌟,¹ Lord?”

1. Literally “surely I am not”; the negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by “am I”

²³ And he answered and¹ said, “The one who dips his² hand in the bowl with me—this one will betray me.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

²⁴ The Son of Man is going just as it is written about him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for him if that man had not been born.”

²⁵ And Judas, the one who was betraying him, answered and¹ said, “⌞Surely I am not he, am I⌟,² Rabbi?” He said to him, “You have said it.”³

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “surely I am not”; the negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by “am I”
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Lord’s Supper

²⁶ Now while¹ they were eating Jesus took bread and, after² giving thanks, he broke it,³ and giving it⁴ to the disciples, he said, “Take, eat, this is my body.”

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were eating”)
2. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“giving thanks”) which is understood as temporal
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁷ And after¹ taking the cup and giving thanks he gave it² to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you,

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“taking”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁸ for this is my blood of the covenant which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

²⁹ But I tell you, from now on I will never drink of this fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in the kingdom of my Father.”

³⁰ And after they¹ had sung the hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had sung the hymn”) which is understood as temporal

Jesus Predicts Peter’s Denial

³¹ Then Jesus said to them, “You will all fall away because of me during this night, for it is written, ‘I will strike the shepherd and the sheep of the flock will be scattered.’¹

1. A quotation from Zech 13:7

³² But after I am raised, I will go ahead of you into Galilee.”

³³ But Peter answered and¹ said to him, “If they all fall away because of you, I will never fall away!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁴ Jesus said to him, “Truly I say to you that during this night, before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times!”

³⁵ Peter said to him, “Even if it is necessary for me to die with you, I will never deny you!” And all the disciples said the same thing.

The Prayer in Gethsemane

³⁶ Then Jesus went with them to a place called Gethsemane, and he said to the disciples, “Sit here while I go over there and¹ pray.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁷ And taking along Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, he began to be distressed and troubled.

³⁸ Then he said to them, “My soul is deeply grieved, to the point of death. Remain here and stay awake with me.”

³⁹ And going forward a little he fell down on his face, praying and saying, “My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me. Nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will.”¹

1. *Here the verb “will” is an understood repetition of the verb earlier in this verse

⁴⁰ And he came to the disciples and found them sleeping, and he said to Peter, “So, were you not able to stay awake with me one hour?

⁴¹ Stay awake and pray that you will not enter into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak!”

⁴² Again for the second time he went away and¹ prayed, saying, “My Father, if this cannot pass unless I drink it, your will must be done.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴³ And he came again and¹ found them sleeping, ⌞for they could not keep their eyes open⌟.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came again”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “for their eyes were weighed down”

⁴⁴ And leaving them again, he went away and¹ prayed for the third time, saying the same thing again.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴⁵ Then he came to the disciples and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? Behold, the hour is near, and the Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of sinners.

⁴⁶ Get up, let us go! Behold, the one who is betraying me is approaching!”

The Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus

⁴⁷ And while¹ he was still speaking, behold, Judas—one of the twelve—arrived, and with him a large crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and elders of the people.

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was … speaking”)

⁴⁸ Now the one who was betraying him had given them a sign, saying, “The one whom I kiss—he is the one.¹ Arrest him!”

1. *Here the predicate nominative (“the one”) is implied

⁴⁹ And he came up to Jesus immediately and¹ said, “Greetings, Rabbi,” and kissed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵⁰ And Jesus said to him, “Friend, do that¹ for which you have come.”² Then they came up and³ laid hands on Jesus and arrested him.

1. *The words “do that” are not in the Greek text but are implied
2. The meaning of this phrase is disputed: (1) some take it as a declarative (as in the translation); (2) others understand it as some form of a question, often with supplied words: (a) “Friend, are you misusing the kiss for that purpose for which you are here?” (b) “Friend, in connection with that for which you have appeared do you kiss me?” (c) “Friend, are you here for this purpose?” (d) “Friend, what are you here for?”; this last option, though often suggested, is doubtful because of lack of evidence for the relative pronoun used as an interrogative in direct questions
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵¹ And behold, one of those with Jesus extended his¹ hand and² drew his sword, and striking the slave of the high priest, cut off his ear.

1. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“extended”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵² Then Jesus said to him, “Put your sword back into its place! For all who take up the sword will die by the sword.

⁵³ Or do you think that I cannot call upon my Father, and he would put at my disposal at once more than twelve legions of angels?

⁵⁴ How then would the scriptures be fulfilled that it must happen in this way?”

⁵⁵ At that time Jesus said to the crowds, “Have you come out with swords and clubs, as against a robber, to arrest me? Every day in the temple courts¹ I sat teaching, and you did not arrest me!

1. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself

⁵⁶ But all this has happened in order that the scriptures of the prophets would be fulfilled.” Then the disciples all abandoned him and¹ fled.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“abandoned”) has been translated as a finite verb

Jesus Before the Sanhedrin

⁵⁷ Now those who had arrested Jesus led him¹ away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders had gathered.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵⁸ But Peter was following him from a distance, as far as the courtyard of the high priest. And he went inside and¹ was sitting with the officers to see the outcome.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵⁹ Now the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin were looking for false testimony against Jesus in order that they could put him to death.

⁶⁰ And they did not find it,¹ although² many false witnesses came forward. And finally two came forward

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came forward”) which is understood as concessive

⁶¹ and¹ said, “This man said, ‘I am able to destroy the temple of God and rebuild it² within three days.’ ”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the participle in the previous verse (“came forward”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁶² And the high priest stood up and¹ said to him, “Do you reply nothing? What are these people testifying against you?”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stood up”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶³ But Jesus was silent. And the high priest said to him, “I put you under oath by the living God, that you tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God!”

⁶⁴ Jesus said to him, “You have said it.¹ But I tell you, from now on you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Power² and coming on the clouds of heaven.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. An indirect way of referring to God

⁶⁵ Then the high priest tore his robes, saying, “He has blasphemed! What further need do we have of witnesses? Behold, you have just now heard the blasphemy!

⁶⁶ What do you think?” And they answered and¹ said, “⌞He deserves death⌟!”²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “he is deserving of death”

⁶⁷ Then they spat in his face and struck him with their fists, and they slapped him,¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁶⁸ saying, “Prophesy for us, you Christ! Who is it who hit you?”

Peter Denies Jesus Three Times

⁶⁹ Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard, and a female slave came up to him and¹ said, “You also were with Jesus the Galilean.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁷⁰ But he denied it¹ in the presence of them all, saying, “I do not know what you mean!”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁷¹ And when he¹ went out to the gateway, another female slave² saw him and said to those who were there, “This man was with Jesus the Nazarene.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“went out”) which is understood as temporal
2. The words “female slave” are not in the Greek text but are implied by the feminine singular form

⁷² And again he denied it¹ with an oath, “I do not know the man!”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁷³ And after a little while those who were standing there came up and¹ said to Peter, “You really are one of them also, because even your accent ⌞reveals who you are⌟.”²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “makes you evident”

⁷⁴ Then he began to curse and to swear with an oath, “I do not know the man!” And immediately a rooster crowed.

⁷⁵ And Peter remembered the statement Jesus had said, “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times,” and he went outside and¹ wept bitterly.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

Jesus Taken to Pilate

¹ Now when it¹ was early morning, all the chief priests and the elders of the people took counsel against Jesus in order to put him to death.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)

² And after¹ tying him up, they led him² away and handed him³ over to Pilate the governor.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“tying”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Suicide of Judas Iscariot

³ Then when¹ Judas, the one who had betrayed him, saw that he had been condemned, he regretted what he had done² and³ returned the thirty silver coins to the chief priests and elders,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“regretted”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁴ saying, “I have sinned by¹ betraying innocent blood!” But they said, “What is that to us? You see to it!”²

1. *Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“betraying”) which is understood as means
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵ And throwing the silver coins into the temple he departed. And he went away and¹ hanged himself.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶ But the chief priests took the silver coins and¹ said, “It is not permitted to put them into the temple treasury, because it is ⌞blood money⌟.”²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “the price of blood”

⁷ And after¹ taking counsel, they purchased ⌞with⌟² them the Potter’s Field, for a burial place for strangers.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“taking”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “for”

⁸ (For this reason that field has been called the Field of Blood until today.)

⁹ Then what was spoken by the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled, who said, “And they took the thirty silver coins, the price of the one who had been priced, on whom a price had been set by the sons of Israel,

¹⁰ and they gave them for the potter’s field, just as the Lord directed me.”¹

1. A quotation from various passages in Jeremiah including 18:2–6; 19:1–13; 32:6–15; see also Zech 11:12–13

Jesus Before Pilate

¹¹ So Jesus stood before the governor, and the governor asked him, saying, “Are you the king of the Jews?” And Jesus said, “You say so.”

¹² And ⌞when he was being accused⌟¹ by the chief priests and elders he answered nothing.

1. Literally “in the him being accused”

¹³ Then Pilate said to him, “Do you not hear how many things they are testifying against you?”

¹⁴ And he did not reply to him, not even with reference to one statement, so that the governor was very astonished.

Pilate Releases Barabbas

¹⁵ Now at each feast, the governor was accustomed to release one prisoner to the crowd—the one whom they wanted.

¹⁶ And at that time they had a notorious prisoner named Jesus¹ Barabbas.²

1. Although many manuscripts omit “Jesus” here, it is so hard to explain why a scribe would have added it that the reading is probably original
2. “Barabbas” means “son of the father” in Aramaic

¹⁷ So after¹ they had assembled, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release for you—Jesus² Barabbas or Jesus who is called Christ?”

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had assembled”)
2. Although many manuscripts omit “Jesus” here, it is so hard to explain why a scribe would have added it that the reading is probably original

¹⁸ (For he knew that they had handed him over because of envy.

¹⁹ And while¹ he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent a message² to him, saying, “⌞Have nothing to do with that righteous man⌟,³ for I have suffered much as a result of a dream today because of him.”)

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was sitting”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. Literally “nothing to you and to that righteous man”

²⁰ But the chief priests and the elders persuaded the crowds that they should ask for Barabbas and put Jesus to death.

²¹ So the governor answered and¹ said to them, “Which of the two do you want me to release for you?” And they said, “Barabbas!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²² Pilate said to them, “What then should I do with Jesus, the one who is called Christ?” They all said, “Let him be crucified!”

²³ And he said, “Why? What wrong has he done?” But they began to shout¹ even louder, saying, “Let him be crucified!”

1. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to shout”)

²⁴ So Pilate, when he¹ saw that he was accomplishing nothing, but instead an uproar was developing, took water and² washed his³ hands before the crowd, saying, “I am innocent of the blood of this man. You see to it!”⁴

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁵ And all the people answered and¹ said, “His blood be on us and on our children!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁶ Then he released Barabbas for them, but after¹ he had Jesus flogged, he handed him² over so that he could be crucified.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“flogged”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Jesus Is Mocked

²⁷ Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the governor’s residence and¹ gathered the whole cohort to him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁸ And they stripped him and¹ put a scarlet military cloak around him,

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“stripped”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁹ and weaving a crown of thorns, they put it¹ on his head, and put² a reed in his right hand. And kneeling down before him, they mocked him, saying, “Hail, king of the Jews!”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. This is an understood repetition of the verb from earlier in the verse

³⁰ And they spat on him and¹ took the reed and repeatedly struck² him³ on his head.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“spat”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. The imperfect tense has been translated as iterative here (“repeatedly struck”)
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³¹ And when they had mocked him, they stripped him of the military cloak and put his own clothes on him, and led him away in order to crucify him.¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Jesus Is Crucified

³² And as they¹ were going out, they found a man of Cyrene ⌞named⌟² Simon. They forced this man to carry his cross.

1. *Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were going out”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “by name”

³³ And when they¹ came to a place called Golgotha (which ⌞means Place of a Skull⌟),²

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal
2. Literally “is called Place of a Skull”

³⁴ they gave him wine mixed with gall to drink, and when he¹ tasted it² he did not want to drink it.³

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“tasted”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁵ And when they¹ had crucified him, they divided his clothes among themselves² by³ casting lots.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had crucified”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “among themselves” reflects the middle voice of the verb “divided”
3. *Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“casting”) which is understood as means

³⁶ And they sat down and¹ were watching over him there.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sat down”) has been translated as a finite verb

³⁷ And they put above his head the charge against him ⌞in writing⌟:¹ “This is Jesus, the king of the Jews.”

1. Literally “written”

³⁸ Then two robbers were crucified with him, one on his right and one on his left.

³⁹ And those who passed by reviled him, shaking their heads

⁴⁰ and saying, “The one who would destroy the temple and rebuild it¹ in three days, save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross!”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴¹ In the same way also the chief priests, along with the scribes and elders, were mocking him,¹ saying,

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴² “He saved others; he is not able to save himself! He is the king of Israel! Let him come down now from the cross, and we will believe in him!

⁴³ He trusts in God; let him deliver him now if he wants to,¹ because he said, ‘I am the Son of God’!”

1. Or “let him deliver him now if he wants him”

⁴⁴ And in the same way even the robbers who were crucified with him were reviling him.

Jesus Dies on the Cross

⁴⁵ Now from the sixth hour, darkness came over all the land until the ninth hour.

⁴⁶ And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” (that is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”)¹

1. A quotation from Ps 22:1

⁴⁷ And some of those who were standing there, when they¹ heard it,² said, “This man is summoning Elijah!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁸ And immediately one of them ran and took a sponge and filled it¹ with sour wine and put it² on a reed and³ gave it⁴ to him to drink.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participles (“ran … took … filled … put”) have been translated as finite verbs
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁴⁹ But the others said, “Leave him¹ alone! let us see if Elijah is coming to save him.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵⁰ And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice and¹ gave up his² spirit.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“cried out”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁵¹ And behold, the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom, and the earth shook and the rocks were split.

⁵² And the tombs were opened, and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised,

⁵³ and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many.

⁵⁴ Now the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus, when they¹ saw the earthquake and the things that took place, were extremely frightened, saying, “Truly this man was God’s Son!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

⁵⁵ And there were many women there, observing from a distance, who had followed Jesus from Galilee, serving him,

⁵⁶ among whom were Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.

Jesus Is Buried

⁵⁷ Now when it was evening, a rich man from Arimathea named Joseph came, who also was a disciple of Jesus himself.

⁵⁸ This man approached Pilate and¹ asked for the body of Jesus. Then Pilate ordered it² to be given to him.³

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *The words “to him” are not in the Greek text but are implied

⁵⁹ And Joseph took the body and¹ wrapped it in a clean linen cloth,

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶⁰ and placed it in his own new tomb that he had cut in the rock. And he rolled a large stone to the entrance of the tomb and¹ went away.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“rolled”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶¹ Now Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were there, sitting opposite the tomb.

The Tomb Is Sealed and Guarded

⁶² Now on the next day, which is after the day of preparation, the chief priests and the Pharisees assembled before Pilate,

⁶³ saying, “Sir, we remember that while¹ that deceiver was still alive he said, ‘After three days I will rise.’

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“alive”) which is understood as temporal

⁶⁴ Therefore give orders that the tomb be made secure until the third day, lest his disciples come and¹ steal him and tell the people, ‘He has been raised from the dead,’ and the last deception will be worse than the first.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“come”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶⁵ Pilate said to them, “You have a guard of soldiers. Go, make it¹ as secure as you know how.”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁶⁶ So they went with the guard of soldiers and¹ made the tomb secure by² sealing the stone.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“sealing”) which is understood as means

Jesus Is Raised

¹ Now after the Sabbath, at the dawning on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to view the tomb.

² And behold, there was a great earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended from heaven and came up and¹ rolled away the stone and sat down² on it.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participles (“descended” and “came up”) have been translated as finite verbs
2. Or “was sitting”; here “sat down” reflects an ingressive nuance (beginning of a process or entry into a state) in the translation of the imperfect verb

³ Now his appearance was like lightning and his clothing white as snow.

⁴ And the guards trembled from the fear of him and became like dead men.

⁵ But the angel answered and¹ said to the women, “Do not be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁶ He is not here, for he has been raised, just as he said. Come, see the place where he was lying.

⁷ And go quickly, tell his disciples, ‘He has been raised from the dead, and behold, he is going ahead of you into Galilee. You will see him there.’ Behold, I have told you.”

⁸ And they departed quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy, and¹ ran to tell his disciples.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“departed”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁹ And behold, Jesus met them, saying, “Greetings!” And they came up and¹ took hold of his feet and worshiped him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came up”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁰ Then Jesus said to them, “Do not be afraid! Go tell my brothers that they should go to Galilee, and there they will see me.”

The Guards Report the Body Stolen

¹¹ And while¹ they were going, behold, some of the guard of soldiers went into the city and² reported to the chief priests everything that had happened.

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were going”)
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹² And after they¹ had assembled with the elders and had taken counsel, they gave a rather large sum of money to the soldiers,

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had assembled”) which is understood as temporal

¹³ telling them,¹ “Say ‘His disciples came during the night and² stole him while³ we were sleeping.’

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“were sleeping”)

¹⁴ And if this matter is heard before the governor, we will satisfy him and ⌞keep you out of trouble⌟.”¹

1. Literally “make you free from care”

¹⁵ So they took the money and¹ did as they were told, and spread abroad this report among the Jews until this very day.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Great Commission

¹⁶ So the eleven disciples proceeded to Galilee, to the mountain which Jesus had designated for them.

¹⁷ And when they¹ saw him, they worshiped him,² but some doubted.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁸ And Jesus approached and¹ spoke to them, saying, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb

¹⁹ Therefore, go¹ and² make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,

1. *As a participle of attendant circumstance this participle carries imperatival force picked up from the main verb (“make disciples”)
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁰ teaching them to observe everything I have commanded you, and behold, I am with you all the days until the end of the age.”