φοβέω

φοβέω — phobéō

φοβέω, φόβῳ: passive, present φοβοῦμαι; imperfect ἐφοβούμην; 1 aorist ἐφοβήθην; future φοβηθήσομαι; (φόβος); from Homer down; to terrify, frighten, Wis 17:9; to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away). Passive:

1. to be put to flight, to flee (Homer).

2. to fear, be afraid; the Sept. very often for יָרֵא; absolutely to be struck with fear, to be seized with alarm: of those who fear harm or injury, Mat 10:31; Mat 14:30; Mat 25:25; Mar 5:33; Mar 5:36; Mar 10:32; Mar 16:8; Luk 8:50; Luk 12:7; Luk 12:32; Joh 12:15; Joh 19:8; Act 16:38; Act 22:29; (Rom 13:4); Heb 13:6; 1Jn 4:18; opposed to ὑψηλοφρονεῖν, Rom 11:20; of those startled by strange sights or occurrences, Mat 14:27; Mat 17:7; Mat 28:5; Mat 28:10; Mar 6:50; Luk 1:13; Luk 1:30; Luk 2:10; Luk 9:34; ( L in brackets); Joh 6:19-20; Act 18:9; Act 27:24 (but in the last two passages perhaps the exhortation has a wider reference); Rev 1:17; with σφόδρα added, Mat 17:6; Mat 27:54; of those struck with amazement, (Mat 9:8 L T Tr WH); Mar 5:15; Luk 5:10; Luk 8:25; Luk 8:35. with an accusative of the contents (cognate accusative) (see ἀγαπάω, under the end): φόβον μέγαν, literally, to 'fear a great fear,' fear exceedingly, Mar 4:41; Luk 2:9 (1Ma 10:8); φόβον αὐτῶν, the fear which they inspire (see φόβος, 1), 1Pe 3:14 (Isa 8:12; τοῦ Τανταλου, to be filled with the same fear as Tantalus, Schol. ad Euripides, Or. 6); with the synonymous πτόησιν (which see), 1Pe 3:6. τινα, to fear one, be afraid of one, lest he do harm, be displeased, etc.: Mat 10:26; Mat 14:5; Mat 21:26; Mat 21:46; Mar 11:18; Mar 11:32 (cf. Buttmann, § 151, 11);; Luk 19:21; Luk 20:19; Luk 22:2; Joh 9:22; Act 5:26 (cf. Buttmann, § 139, 48; Winer's Grammar, 505 (471));; Rom 13:3; Gal 2:12; τόν Θεόν, God, the judge and avenger, Mat 10:28; Luk 12:5; Luk 23:40 (Exo 1:17; Exo 1:21; 1Sa 12:18); τί, to fear danger from something, Heb 11:23; Heb 11:27; to fear (dread to undergo) some suffering, Rev 2:10. in imitation of the Hebrew (מִן יָרֵא), followed by ἀπό τίνος (cf. Buttmann, § 147, 3): Mat 10:28; Luk 12:4 (Jer 1:8; Jer 1:17; Jer 10:2; Lev 26:2; 1Ma 2:62 1Ma 8:12; Jdg 5:23), as in the Greek writings, φοβοῦμαι μή, to fear lest, with the subjunctive aorist: Acts ( L T Tr WH);; μήπως, lest perchance, Act 27:29 (here L μήπω (which see 2), others μήπου (which see)); 2Co 11:3; 2Co 12:20; φοβηθῶμεν (equivalent to let us take anxious care) μήποτε τίς δοκῇ, lest anyone may seem (see δοκέω, 2 at the end), Heb 4:1; φοβοῦμαι ὑμᾶς, μήπως κεκοπίακα, Gal 4:11 (see μήπως, 1 b.); φοβοῦμαι with an infinitive to fear (i. e. hesitate) to do something (for fear of harm), Mat 1:20; Mat 2:22; Mar 9:32; Luk 9:45 (for numerous examples in the Greek writings from Aeschylus down see Passow, under the word, 2, vol. ii., p. 2315{a}; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, Buttmann, II. 4)).

3. to reverence, venerate, to treat with deference or reverential obedience: τινα, Mar 6:20; Eph 5:33; τόν Θεόν, used of his devout worshippers, Luk 1:50; Luk 18:2; Luk 18:4; Act 10:2; Act 10:22; Act 10:35; (Col 3:22 Rec.); 1Pe 2:17; Rev 14:7; Rev 19:5; also τόν κύριον, Col 3:22 (G L T Tr WH); Rev 15:4; τό ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ, Rev 11:18 (Deu 4:10; Deu 5:29; Deu 6:2; Deu 6:13-14; Deu 13:4; Deu 14:22(23); Pro 3:7; Psa 33:10, and many other passages; very often in Sir., cf. Wahl, Clavis Apocr. V. T., under the word, at the end); οἱ φοβούμενοι τόν Θεόν specifically, of proselytes: Act 13:16; Act 13:26 (see σέβω). Compare: ἐκφοβέω. [SYNONYMS: ἐκπλήσσεσθαι to be astonished, properly, to be struck with terror, of a sudden and startling alarm; but, like our astonish in popular use, often employed on comparatively slight occasions, and even then with strengthening particles (as σφόδρα Mat 19:25, ὑπερπερισσῶς Mar 7:37); πτόειν to terrify, to agitate with fear; τρέμειν, to tremble, predominantly physical; φόβειν to fear, the general term; often used of a protracted state. Cf. Schmidt, chapter 139.]