Paul, Silas, and Timothy in Corinth

¹ After these things he departed from Athens and¹ went to Corinth.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“departed”) has been translated as a finite verb

² And he found a certain Jew ⌞named⌟¹ Aquila, ⌞a native⌟² of Pontus who had arrived recently from Italy ⌞along with⌟³ Priscilla his wife, because Claudius had ordered all the Jews to depart from Rome, and⁴ he went to them.

1. Literally “by name”
2. Literally “by nationality”
3. Literally “and”
4. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“found”) has been translated as a finite verb

³ And because he was practicing the same trade, he stayed with them and worked, for they were tentmakers by trade.

⁴ And he argued in the synagogue every Sabbath, attempting to persuade¹ both Jews and Greeks.

1. *Here the imperfect verb has been translated as conative (“attempting to persuade”)

⁵ Now when both Silas and Timothy came down from Macedonia, Paul began to be occupied with¹ the message, solemnly testifying to the Jews that the Christ² was Jesus.

1. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to be occupied with”)
2. Or “Messiah”

⁶ And when¹ they resisted and reviled him,² he shook out his³ clothes and⁴ said to them, “Your blood be on your own heads! I am guiltless! From now on I will go to the Gentiles!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“resisted”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
4. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“shook out”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁷ And leaving there, he entered into the house of someone ⌞named⌟¹ Titius Justus, a worshiper² of God whose house was next door to the synagogue.

1. Literally “by name”
2. Or “a God-fearer”

⁸ And Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord together with his whole household. And many of the Corinthians, when they¹ heard about it,² believed and were baptized.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard about”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁹ And the Lord said to Paul by a vision in the night, “Do not be afraid, but speak and do not keep silent,

¹⁰ because I am with you and no one will attack you to harm you, because many people are mine in this city.”

¹¹ So he stayed a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them.

Paul Accused Before the Proconsul Gallio

¹² Now when¹ Gallio was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews rose up with one purpose against Paul and brought him before the judgment seat,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)

¹³ saying, “This man is persuading people to worship God contrary to the law!”

¹⁴ But when¹ Paul was about to open his² mouth, Gallio said to the Jews, “If it was some crime or wicked villainy, O Jews, ⌞I would have been justified in accepting⌟³ your complaint.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was about”)
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
3. Literally “with respect to a motive I would have accepted”

¹⁵ But if it is questions concerning a word and names and ⌞your own law⌟,¹ see to it² yourselves! I do not wish to be a judge of these things.”

1. Literally “the according to you law”
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁶ And he drove them away from the judgment seat.

¹⁷ So they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and¹ began beating² him³ in front of the judgment seat. And none of these things was a concern to Gallio.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began beating”)
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

Paul Returns to Antioch in Syria

¹⁸ So Paul, after¹ remaining many days longer, said farewell to the brothers and² sailed away to Syria, and with him Priscilla and Aquila. He shaved his³ head at Cenchrea, because he had taken a vow.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“remaining”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“said farewell”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

¹⁹ So they arrived at Ephesus, and those he left behind there, but he himself entered into the synagogue and¹ discussed with the Jews.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“entered”) has been translated as a finite verb

²⁰ And when¹ they asked him² to stay for a longer time, he did not give his consent,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“asked”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²¹ but saying farewell and telling them,¹ “I will return to you again if² God wills,” he set sail from Ephesus.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
2. *Here “if” is supplied as a component of the conditional adverbial participle (“wills”)

²² And when he¹ arrived at Caesarea, he went up and greeted the church, and² went down to Antioch.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arrived”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the two previous participles (“went up” and “greeted”) have been translated as finite verbs

²³ And after¹ spending some time there, he departed, traveling through one place after another in the Galatian region and Phrygia, strengthening all the disciples.

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“spending”) which is understood as temporal

The Early Ministry of Apollos

²⁴ Now a certain Jew ⌞named⌟¹ Apollos, ⌞a native⌟² Alexandrian, arrived in Ephesus—an eloquent man who was well-versed in the scriptures.

1. Literally “by name”
2. Literally “by nationality”

²⁵ This man had been instructed in the way of the Lord, and being enthusiastic in spirit, he was speaking and teaching accurately the things about Jesus, although he¹ knew only the baptism of John.

1. *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“knew”) which is understood as concessive

²⁶ And he began to speak boldly in the synagogue, but when¹ Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained the way of God to him more accurately.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal

²⁷ And when¹ he wanted to cross over to Achaia, the brothers encouraged him² and³ wrote to the disciples to welcome him. When he⁴ arrived, ⌞he⌟⁵ assisted greatly those who had believed through grace.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“wanted”)
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“encouraged”) has been translated as a finite verb
4. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“arrived”) which is understood as temporal
5. Literally “who”

²⁸ For he was vigorously refuting the Jews in public, demonstrating through the scriptures that the Christ¹ was Jesus.

1. Or “Messiah”