The Chief Priests and Scribes Plot to Kill Jesus

¹ Now the feast of Unleavened Bread (which is called Passover) was drawing near.

² And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how they could destroy him, because they were afraid of the people.

Judas Arranges to Betray Jesus

³ And Satan entered into Judas, the one called Iscariot, who was of the number of the twelve.

⁴ And he went away and¹ discussed with the chief priests and officers of the temple guard how he could betray him to them.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵ And they were delighted, and came to an agreement with him to give him¹ money.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁶ And he agreed, and began looking¹ for a favorable opportunity to betray him to them apart from the crowd.

1. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began looking”)

Jesus’ Final Passover with the Disciples

⁷ And the day of the feast of Unleavened Bread came, on which it was necessary for the Passover lamb to be sacrificed.

⁸ And he sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and¹ prepare the Passover for us, so that we may eat it.²

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“go”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁹ So they said to him, “Where do you want us to prepare it?”¹

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁰ And he said to them, “Behold, when¹ you have entered into the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him into the house which he enters.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“have entered”)

¹¹ And you will say to the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?” ’

¹² And he will show you a large furnished¹ upstairs room. Make preparations there.”

1. Or perhaps “paved” or “panelled”

¹³ So they went and¹ found everything² just as he had told them, and they prepared the Passover.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

The Lord’s Supper

¹⁴ And when the hour came, he reclined at the table, and the apostles with him.

¹⁵ And he said to them, “⌞I have earnestly desired⌟¹ to eat this Passover with you before I suffer.

1. Literally “I have desired with desire”

¹⁶ For I tell you that I will not eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”

¹⁷ And he took in hand a cup, and¹ after² giving thanks he said, “Take this and share it³ among yourselves.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took in hand”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal participle (“giving thanks”)
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

¹⁸ For I tell you,¹ from now on I will not drink of the product of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.”

1. Some manuscripts have “I tell you that”

¹⁹ And he took bread, and¹ after² giving thanks, he broke it³ and gave it⁴ to them, saying, “This is my body which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“took”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal participle (“giving thanks”)
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
4. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

²⁰ And in the same way the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood which is poured out for you.

²¹ “But behold, the hand of the one who is betraying me is with me on the table!

²² For the Son of Man is going according to what has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!”

²³ And they began to debate with one another who then of them it could be who was going to do this.

A Dispute About Who Is Greatest

²⁴ And a dispute also occurred among them as to which of them was recognized as being greatest.

²⁵ So he said to them, “The kings of the Gentiles¹ lord it over them, and those who have authority over them are called benefactors.

1. The same Greek word can be translated “nations” or “Gentiles” depending on the context

²⁶ But you are not to be like this! But the one who is greatest among you must become like the youngest, and the one who leads like the one who serves.

²⁷ For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines at the table? But I am in your midst as the one who serves.

²⁸ “And you are the ones who have remained¹ with me in my trials,

1. Or “ones who have continued”

²⁹ and I confer on you a kingdom, just as my Father conferred on me,

³⁰ that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Jesus Predicts Peter’s Denial

³¹ “Simon, Simon, behold, Satan has demanded to sift you like wheat,

³² but I have prayed for you, that your faith may not fail. And you, when¹ once you have turned back,² strengthen your brothers.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“have turned back”) which is understood as temporal
2. Or “have turned around”

³³ But he said to him, “Lord, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death!”

³⁴ And he said, “I tell you, Peter, the rooster will not crow today until you have denied three times that you know me!”

The Two Swords

³⁵ And he said to them, “When I sent you out without a money bag and a traveler’s bag and sandals, you did not lack anything, did you?”¹ And they said, “Nothing.”

1. *The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated in the translation by “did you”

³⁶ And he said to them, “But now the one who has a money bag must take it,¹ and likewise a traveler’s bag. And the one who does not have a sword must sell his cloak and buy one.

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

³⁷ For I tell you that this that is written must be fulfilled in me: ‘And he was counted with the criminals.’¹ For indeed, what is written² about me ⌞is being fulfilled⌟.”³

1. A quotation from Isa 53:12
2. *The phrase “what is written” is not in the Greek text but is an understood repetition of the similar phrase at the beginning of the verse
3. Literally “is having an end”

³⁸ So they said, “Lord, behold, here are two swords!” And he said to them, “It is adequate.”

The Prayer in Gethsemane

³⁹ And he went away and¹ proceeded, according to his² custom, to the Mount of Olives, and the disciples also followed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went away”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

⁴⁰ And when¹ he came to the place, he said to them, “Pray that you will not enter into temptation.”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“came”) which is understood as temporal

⁴¹ And he withdrew from them about a stone’s throw and ⌞knelt down⌟¹ and² began to pray,³

1. Literally “bent his knees”
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“knelt down”; literally “bent his knees”) has been translated as a finite verb
3. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to pray”)

⁴² saying, “Father, if you are willing, take away this cup from me. Nevertheless, not my will but yours be done.” 〚

⁴³ And an angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him.

⁴⁴ And being in anguish, he began praying¹ more fervently and his sweat became like drops of blood falling down to the ground.〛²

1. *The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began praying”)
2. A number of early and important Greek manuscripts lack verses 43 and 44

⁴⁵ And when he¹ got up from the prayer and² came to the disciples, he found them sleeping from sorrow,

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“got up”) which is understood as temporal
2. *Here “and” is supplied because the participle (“came”) has been translated as a finite verb in keeping with English style

⁴⁶ and he said to them, “Why are you sleeping? Get up and¹ pray that you will not enter into temptation!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“get up”) has been translated as a finite verb

The Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus

⁴⁷ While¹ he was still speaking, behold, there came a crowd, and the one named Judas, one of the twelve, leading them. And he approached Jesus to kiss him.

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“speaking”)

⁴⁸ But Jesus said to him, “Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?”

⁴⁹ And when¹ those around him saw what was about to happen, they said, “Lord, should we strike with the sword?”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal

⁵⁰ And a certain one of them struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear.

⁵¹ But Jesus answered and¹ said, “⌞Stop! No more of this!⌟”² And he touched his³ ear and⁴ healed him.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. Literally “leave off to this”
3. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
4. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“touched”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵² And Jesus said to the chief priests and officers of the temple and elders who had come out against him, “Have you come out with swords and clubs, as against a robber?

⁵³ Every day when¹ I was with you in the temple courts,² you did not stretch out your³ hands against me! But this is your hour and the domain of darkness!”

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was”)
2. *Here “courts” is supplied to distinguish this area from the interior of the temple building itself
3. *Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun

Jesus Before the Sanhedrin

⁵⁴ And they arrested him and¹ led him² away and brought him³ into the house of the high priest. But Peter was following at a distance.

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“arrested”) has been translated as a finite verb
2. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
3. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵⁵ And when they¹ had kindled a fire in the middle of the courtyard and sat down together, Peter sat down among them.

1. *Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had kindled”) which is understood as temporal

⁵⁶ And a certain female slave, seeing him sitting in the light and looking intently at him, said, “This man also was with him!”

⁵⁷ But he denied it,¹ saying, “Woman, I do not know him!”

1. *Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation

⁵⁸ And after a short time another person saw him and¹ said, “You also are one of them!” But Peter said, “Man, I am not!”

1. *Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“saw”) has been translated as a finite verb

⁵⁹ And after¹ about one hour had passed, someone else was insisting, saying, “In truth this man also was with him, because he is also a Galilean!”

1. *Here “after” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had passed”)

⁶⁰ But Peter said, “Man, I do not know what you are talking about!” And immediately, while¹ he was still speaking, a rooster crowed.

1. *Here “while” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was speaking”)

⁶¹ And the Lord turned around and¹ looked intently at Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord,² how he said to him, “Before the rooster crows today, you will deny me three times.”